CU-Boulder PSYC 4456 - Big Five Model and the Trait Approach to Personality (7 pages)

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BIO 326M 1stEdition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I Prokaryotic Cell common features II Biochemical composition of Bacteria III Techniques to study Cell parts IV Cell membrane components variations and parts V Cell wall Outline of Current Lecture VI Peptidoglycan Structure VII Strands are Crosslinked VIII Patterns of Cell Wall Formation IX Action of Antibiotics X Nucleoid XI Gene expression XII DNA transcription into RNA XIII DNA transcription into RNA XIV Protein Synthesis and Secretion XV DNA replication XVI The Bacterial Cytoskeleton Current Lecture Peptidoglycan Structure o Most bacterial cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan or murein Meshlike polymer of identical subunits forming long strands o Name comes from two sugar residues N acetylglucosamine NAG 1 4 linkage Glucose amine N acetylmuramic acid NAM Know both names completely Only present in bacteria no other domains Where the name of urime comes from o Alternating D and L amino acids o Order of peptidoglycan connections L alanine following the NAM and NAG Bond between NAM and NAG is sensitive to lysozyme Then D Glutamic acid These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Then meso Diaminopimelic acid DPI Forms the third peptide bond Also only present in bacteria Then D Alanine At this site a bond may be formed to link a peptide to another chain causing the terminal D alanine to be lost Isoniazid mycolic a to Be readdressed later in lecture Strands are Crosslinked o Peptidoglycan strands have a helical shape o Peptidoglycan chains are crosslinked by peptides for strength Inter bridges may form peptidoglycan sacs interconnected networks various structures occur o Subunit synthesized in the cytoplasm Peptide cross bridge forms with release of D alanine Blocked by penicillin Cross bridge formation blocked by vancomycin which binds D Ala D Ala and prevents release of terminal D alanine Peptidoglycan