EXAM 1How does the average speed of air molecules influence the atmosphere? It determines the air temperatureIn general where in the troposphere is the temperature the coldest? At the tropopause The altitude of the tropopause varies with latitude. As a result the deepest storms are likely to develop where? In the tropicsIn the troposphere, pressure DECREASES with height and temperature DECREASES with height Which of the following is a typical range of sea level pressure values found in mis latitude? 980mb to 1045mbWhat are clouds composed of? Liquid water and Ice crystals What term describes the pressure at which the air contains the max amount of water vapor possible for the observed temperature and pressure? Saturation vapor pressureWhat term describes the amount of water in the atmosphere compared to the atmospheric capacity for moisture at a given temperature? Relative humidity What term described the lowest temperature to which air can be cooled at a constant pressure before saturation occurs? Dewpoint temperature What are two absolute measures of the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere? Dew point temperature and vapor pressureIf the vapor pressure is equal to the saturation vapor pressure, which of the following is true? 1) The air is saturated 2) The relative humidity is 100%As the air temperature increases and the actual amount of water vapor in the air remain constant the saturation vapor pressure will: IncreaseAs the air temperature increases and the actual amount of water vapor in the air remain constant the relative humidity will: DecreaseAs the air temperature increases and the actual amount of water vapor in the air remain constant the vapor pressure will: Remain constant When water changes from liquid to gas, latent heat is: absorbed from the surroundings, cooling the surroundingsWhich location has the most water vapor in the air? New YorkWhich location has the higher saturation vapor pressure? Both have the same Winds in the station model would be: NortheasterlyThe significant weather is: SnowThe temperature and dew point are: 14 Deg F, 12 Deg FWhat term is used to describe a layer in the atmosphere where atmospheric temperature increases with height? InversionIf you want to determine the extent of cloud cover over the US at noon, Central daylight savings time, mid-summer, which weather product would you examine? Visible satellite imageThe brightest regions on an INFRARED satellite image are associated with the coldest clouds on the surface The brightest regions on a VISIBLE satellite image are associates with snow cover and cloudsThe brightest region on a WATER VAPOR satellite are associated with moist airA cloud appears bright on a visible satellite image and dark on an infrared. Where is the top of this cloud likely to be located? Near the surface (In the lower troposphere)If you wanted to determine the amount of precipitation associated with a specific storm, which weather product would you examine? Doppler radarImagine that you are a radar meteorologist using the WS-88D display at the NationalWeather Forecast office. What information can you obtain? 1) You can use the radial velocity to determine is a thunderstorm is rotating 2)you can use radar reflectivity to determine the location of thunderstorms 3) you can examine the “storm total precipitation” to identify where a flash flood may occur You notice that the radar reflectivity over Boulder is 60 dBZ and the radar reflectivity over Denver is 25dBZ. What can you say about the precipitation occurring at these two locations? The intensity of precipitation is greater in Boulder than it is in DenverWhich of the following properties is measured by both a radiosonde/rawinsonde/sounding and a wind profiler that has a Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS)? Temperature Which instrument collection system has the network with the highest density in the US? ASOSIf a map is created using data collection at 0500 UTC, Sept 20, what is the date and time in MDT? 2300 MDT Sept 19Could data collected at 0500 UTC have been collected by the radiosonde/rawinsonde/sounding network? NOASOS measure atmospheric properties such as temperature, visibility, wind direction, precipitation type and precipitation rate. TRUEA surface station model directly shows all of the following except. Relative humidity What is the term used to describe contours of pressure. IsobarsOn a surface weather map, a strong temperature gradient exists in a location where ISOTHERMS are packed closely togetherOn a surface weather map, in a region where ISOBARS are pack closely together, the winds will be strongWhich statement about upper air weather is NOT correct? Upper air weather maps are updated each hourWhat map would you examine to locate the polar jet stream? 300mbA front is typically most distinct on which map? 850mbUpper air weather maps are the 700mb level are the best maps to identify short waves and long waves in the flow pattern. FALSEThe location and intensity of waves in the flow can be measured using a quantity called vorticity which is a measure of the rotation in a flow. TRUE Looking at the upper air map what pattern does the solid like highlight. TroughComputer forecast models are: systems of mathematical equations that describe the behavior of the atmosphere Which statement is true? 1) Data in computer models are organized on a grid 2) to accurately forecast the weather, numerical forecast models must take into account snow cover, topography, ocean/land, and other physical features MODEL DOAIN describes the area of coverage of a computer model, which MODEL RESOLUTION describes the horizontal spacing of grid points within a computer model In general which forecasts would you expect to be the most accurate? Short rangeWhich of the following is NOT considered to be a factor that contributes to the degradation of forecast made with numerical weather predictions? Climate change due to global warmingEXAM 2If an air parcel is stable for a small displacement it accelerates away from its originalposition. FALSEIf you want to evaluate the stability of the atmosphere, which weather product would you consult? Radiosonde/rawinsonde dataIf an air parcel is displaced vertically in a stable environment it will: return to its original positionIf an air parcel is SATURATED it will EXPAND AND COOL at the moist adiabatic lapse rateHow can the atmosphere’s stability as a particular location be changed? Change in the vertical temperature structureWhat