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UA POL 202 - Preventive War against Iraq
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POL 202 Int. Relations Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Cold War EndsA. Ronald Raegan takes officeB. Mikhail Grobachev takes power in USSR in 1985C. Worldwide Economic DevelopmentsD. New Diplomatic ChangesII. Post- Cold War, 1991-Presenta. Interestsb. Interactionsc. Institutionsd. What will shape our world in the future?e. American Predominance and Challenges to itOutline of Current Lecture I. Preventive War against IraqII. Important Questionsa. Why do state leaders make certain decisions?i. Interestsii. Interactionsiii. Institutionsb. Actors and Interestsi. Stateii. The concept of Sovereigntyiii. States as actorsiv. Origins of interestc. Interactionsi.What actors have to doii.Strategyiii.UnderstandingCurrent LectureI. Preventive War against Iraqa. March 19, 2003 the US launched a preventive war against Iraqi. Tensions high since invaded Kuwait in 1990b. The US led to a coalition of the willing into Iraq despite failing to get authorization from the UN Security Council II. Important questionsa. Why do states and leaders make certain decisions?i. Interests: actors want to bring about some goal; fundamental building blocks of politicsii. Interactions: to actors take decisions to bring about some outcome1. Cooperation: two or more actors working together to achieve a referred outcomea. Depends on: number and size of actors, number of interactions, the accuracy of info2. Bargaining: an interaction involving thr distribution pf a fixed valueiii. Institutions: set of rules1. Facilitate cooperation2. Lower cost of decision making3. Bias policy outcomesiv. Interests: What actors want from politics:1. What actors want to achieve through political action2. Ex: US wanted to prevent the use of chemical weapons in the Middle East3. Three categories of interest:a. Power or securityb. Economic or material welfarec. Ideological goalsd. The categories of interest roughly divide into three traditional schoolsi. Realismii. Liberalismiii. Constructivisme. Actors and interests:i. State: a central authority with the ability to make enforce laws, rules and decisions within its territoryii. The concept of sovereignty is a key part of the definition of the state1. Sovereignty: the expectation that states havelegal and political supremacy within their boundariesiii. States as actors: 1. States are motivated by an interest in security 2. Seek safely from external internal threats3. National interest:a. Interests that belong to the state itselfi. Generally driven by security and poweriv. Origins of interest1. National leaders interest may originate from:a. Particular interest groupb. Personal or political agenda2. Ex: how should President Bush’s decisions to invade Iraq be interpreted?a. As president seeking US security?b. As politician seeking political interest?i. Only stature he is thinking aboutv. Interactions: the ways in which the choices of two or more actors combine to produce political outcomes1. Actors have to:a. Anticipate the likely choices of othersb. Take those choices into account2. Strategy: best outcome one can get3. Understanding outcomes:a. Understanding the outcomes pf complex interplay can be difficultb. Game Theory: i. Helps us study


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