ZEUS I The Rise To Power 09 07 2012 1 Birth Cronos and Rheia Cronos and Rheia Hieros gamos sacred marriage Cronos and sister Titan Rheia become the parents of the first olypian gods o Hestia Demeter Hera Hades Poseidon and Zues 3rd generation of gods Cronos seeks to maintain power Cronos fears prophecy given by parents o Fated to be overthrown by his own child o Cronos kept a sharp watch and swallowed his children 145 Rheia s plan Rheia s grief was unbearable Consults Gaia and Ouranos Goes to the island of Crete to give birth to Zeus Hide Zeus youngest of her children by Cronos in a cave Mt Dikte Crete Rheia gives Cronos a stone concealed in a blanket Cronos swallows the stone And Zeus grows up in secret Zeus fights for power Fights 2 major battles to secure his power o Vs Titans o Vs Typhoios a k a Typhon Preperation for battle Gaia drugs Cronos who barfs up his children Zeus frees the Cyclopes who make weapons o Zeus thunderbolts o Poseidons trident o Hades helmet 2 Titanomachy War against the Titans Enemies of Zeus The Titans Allies of Zeus Brothers and Sisters Hera Hades Hestia Poseidon Demeter Cyclopes Eventually the Hundred handers too Zeus and his allies triumph 10 year war that goes back and forth until Zeus frees the Hundred handers o Gives them the option to be free and fight along his side Zeus unleashes his lightening and consumes the earth in flames Hundred handers bury Titans under a hail of rocks o This defeats the Titans and hurls them in to Tartaros The Titans are imprisoned down in Tartaros In some writings the hundred handers guard their prison Zeus next challenge Gaia Tartaros Typhoios Typhon 2 versions of Zeus fight against Typhoios o 1 Zeus alone destroys him o 2 Zeus needs some help 3 Typhoios a k a Typhon name means to cause heat Version 1 Hesiod Zeus burns Typhoios with his lightening hurls him into Tartaros Typhoios source of typhoons typhon whirlwind Version 2 Apollodorus D2 Antoninus Liberalis 28 Occurs a while after the Titanomachy The gods flee from Typhoios only Zeus stands against him Typhoios pursues the other gods who escape by turning into animals Zeus attacks with lightening and a sickle Typhoios grabs sickle cuts tendons out of Zeus hand and feet o He cant hold a weapon or stand Typhoios tosses Zeus into a cave hides tendons in a bearskin Typhoios sets a dragon to guard the cave Hermes rescues Zeus o He is a god of thieves o Finds Zeus and his tendons and rescues him Attacks again crushing Typhoios under Mt Aitna Sicily o Mt Aitna a k a Mt Etna on Sicily volcano very active o Volcano erupts because Typhoios is still steaming from Zeus Etiological myths An etiological myth explains the cause or origin etio of something Explains something in the world natural Typhoios o Typhoons o Eruptions of Mt Aitna 4 The Ages of Man Alternative story of creation of mankind gods are the creators here Hesiod Works and Days pp 164 167 Five Ages Zeus II King of the gods 09 07 2012 1 Attributes and some offspring Anthropomorphic has human shapes o And human characteristics Lightning Staf o symbol that he is king of the gods Eagle Zeus sky god Older bearded o Ability to grow a beard is a sign of masculinity authority Depicted as seated or striding forward and in action into battle Depicted as nude because ancient Greece was controlled by men and they considered themselves beautiful o Shows power Zeus domains Sky weather o Zeus bright daylight Justice o Gaurdian of rulers kings Hospitality treatment of stangers o Bond between host and guest was sacred o Greeks are very hospitable The supreme god Aeschylus 70 p 5 Zeus many many children Metis wisdom Zeus first lover Gaia and Ouranos prophecy o Powerful children will be born from Metis I Athena II A son with an arrogant heart Zeus swallows Metis before she gives birth to Athena I Ends the threat of Zeus reign Birth of Athena After swallowing Metis Zeus gives birth to Athena from his head Athena emerges fully armed Zeus and Themis a Titan Zeus god of justice Themis established custom Their children I Eunomia lawfulness II Dike Justice III Eirene peace Parents of the Fates Moirai moira portion I Clotho Spinner II Lachesis Measurer Measures your fate life III Atropos Inflexible Cuts the thread and finalizes you fate Zeus Mnemosyne a Titan The Muses Mnemosyne memory Inspirers of poets and artists 9 muses Zeus is associated with Wisdom ingested Metis wisdom Law Justice and order Themis and her children Fate father of Moirai The Fates The arts and inspiration father of the Muses Zeus takes Hera for his wife Hieros gamos sacred marriage o Zeus sky o Hera fertility Children o Hebe goddess of youth o Eileithyia goddess of childbirth o Ares god of war 9 5 2 Prometheus Children of Iapetos the Titan Marries Clymene o Children Atlas Menoitios Prometheus Epimetheus Zeus punishes Atlas and Menoitios Zeus blasts Menoitios because Menoitios was foolish and violent Zeus compels Atlas to hold up the sky at earths limits Prometheus Creator of mankind Defender champion of mankind Trickster figure o Prometheus forethought thinks ahead o Epimetheus afterthought Prometheus fashion humans from water and clay Prometheus champion if mankind vs Zeus Negotiating with Zeus Prometheus arranges portions of a slaughtered ox into two piles o Bones wrapped in glistening fat o Flesh wrapped in intestines Zeus intentionally selects bones and fat o Gives him excuse to punish Prometheus and his creation An etiological myth Explains the reason behind the division in Greek sacrifice o Gods get bones and fat o Humans get the meat Prometheus brings fire to mankind An angry Zeus keeps fire from mankind Prometheus steals fire o Etiological myth explains the origins of fire Zeus retaliates Orders Hephaistos to bind Prometheus to Mt Caucasus in the far east Eagle devours his liver every day liver grows back Prometheus in chains Prometheus has a secret Prometheus knows the fate of a sea goddess named Thetis o Zeus is attracted to her o Will bear a son more powerful than his father Achilles Bargains for release from Zeus Lucian p 280 281 Heracles frees Prometheus 3 Pandora Zeus punishment for men is women The creation of Pandora Hephaistos makes women from clay irresistible Athena Aphrodite Hermes and other gods add gifts to her Pandora all gifts Given to Epimetheus afterthought despite Prometheus forethought warning o Prometheus told Epimetheus not to accept any gift from Zeus Pandora s jar Life untroubled before Pandora Opens jar releases misery diseases other