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UW-Madison CS/ECE 252 - CS/ECE 252- Introduction

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Introduction to Computer EngineeringPlace On DeskComputers!Place on Desk$16 base; 60% growthPerformance GrowthThis CourseGo Over Web PageCourse OutlineAdviceTechnologyApplicationsSome HistoryAbstraction and ComplexityComputer As a ToolIntroduction to Computer EngineeringCS/ECE 252, Spring 2010Prof. Guri SohiComputer Sciences DepartmentUniversity of Wisconsin – MadisonPlace On Desk•IPod•Laptop•Treo•Etc.•All Computers•Software/Hardware separation keyComputers!•Engineers and scientists of all disciplines rely on computers for many aspects of their work–Not just word processing, spreadsheets, CAD, etc.–Computational methods, data mining, analysis/synthesis are fundamental to advances in many fields•Many of the advanced techniques used in today’s microprocessors were invented right here at UW•Some of the most renowned computer design researchers in the world are on our faculty•There is a near-100% likelihood that a Wisconsin graduate helped design the computer or processor that you ownPlace on Desk•7MB Disk Pack•6’ Disk•IPod (80GB)•(80GB/7MB = 11,000x)•Computer useful & then 10,000x better!$16 base; 60% growthYear Salary Comments0 $16 Base3 $64 Still live at home15 $16K Buy car24 $100K Buy house36 $300M Need fundamentally new ways to spend moneyPerformance GrowthUnmatched by any other industry ![John Crawford, Intel]•Doubling every 18 months (1982-1996): 800x–Cars travel at 44,000 mph and get 16,000 mpg–Air travel: LA to NY in 22 seconds (MACH 800)–Wheat yield: 80,000 bushels per acre•Doubling every 24 months (1971-1996): 9,000x–Cars travel at 600,000 mph, get 150,000 mpg–Air travel: LA to NY in 2 seconds (MACH 9,000)–Wheat yield: 900,000 bushels per acreThis CourseThis course will:•Help you understand the significance and pervasiveness of computers in today’s society and economy•Teach you how computers really operate and how they are designed•Introduce you to concepts that students in the Computer Engineering degree program learn in depth over four years•Prepare and motivate you for study in this degree program•Will count towards GCR introduction to engineering requirementGo Over Web Pagehttp://www.cs.wisc.edu/~sohi/cs252/Fall2010/Instructor & TAsTextbook Lecture NotesScheduleComputing and SimulatorGradingExamsHomeworkCourse Outline•Prerequisite – none•Major topics in course–Introduction to computers and computing–Information representation and manipulation–Logic elements and combinational Logic–Sequential Logic and Memory–Simple computer organization, design and operation–Machine language and instruction set architecture–Assembly language–Programming constructsAdvice•Textbook – read BEFORE corresponding lecture•Homework – completed in study groups–Will reinforce in-class coverage–Will help you prepare for midterm exams•Study Groups–Groups of 3, should meet weekly, learn from each other–Review material, complete homework assignments–Each submitted homework should include consensus-based statement of workTechnology•Technology advances at astounding rate–19th century: attempts to build mechanical computers–Early 20th century: mechanical counting systems (cash registers, etc.)–Mid 20th century: vacuum tubes as switches–Since: transistors, integrated circuits•1965: Moore’s law [Gordon Moore]–Predicted doubling of capacity every 18 months–Has held and will continue to hold•Drives functionality, performance, cost–Exponential improvement for 40 yearsApplications•Corollary to Moore’s Law: Cost halves every two yearsIn a decade you can buy a computer for less than its sales tax today. –Jim Gray•Computers cost-effective for–National security – weapons design–Enterprise computing – banking–Departmental computing – computer-aided design–Personal computer – spreadsheets, email, web–Pervasive computing – prescription drug labels•Countless industries revolutionizedSome HistoryDate Event Comments1947 1st transistor Bell Labs1958 1st IC Jack Kilby (MSEE ’50) @TIWinner of 2000 Nobel prize1971 1st microprocessor Intel (calculator market)1974 Intel 4004 2300 transistors1978 Intel 8086 29K transistors1989 Intel 80486 1M transistors1995 Intel Pentium Pro 5.5M transistors2006 Intel Montecito 1.7B transistorsAbstraction and Complexity •Abstraction helps us manage complexity•Complex interfaces–Specify what to do–Hide details of howGoal: Use abstractions yet still understand detailsElectronic circuitsECE340Digital DesignCS/ECE352Computer ArchitectureCS/ECE552Machine Language (ISA)CS/ECE354CompilerCS536Application ProgramCS302Operating SystemCS537Scope of this courseComputer As a Tool•Many computers today are embedded–Fixed functionality–Appliance-like–Not really programmable by end user•Not the focus of this course!–Instead, programmable computers–Learn to think of computer as a tool•Program?–Algorithm or set of steps that computer follows–Human brains wired to work this


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