Atoms, molecules, and chemical bonds.This class will review some of the concepts covered in chemistry and how to apply these concepts in a way that is relevant to biology.Learning Goals: Can you:• predict the relative physical properties of two different molecules based on the chemical bonds present within these molecules?• Is one more polar or non-polar than the other. Are any of the molecules ionic?• describe or draw a diagram that illustrates how any two given molecules could interact with each other? • Are they likely to associate through ionic, covalent, hydrogen-bond, or van der Waals interactions? • How do the physical properties of these molecules promote one or another of these interactions?• draw a diagram that illustrates how water molecules interact with each other?• draw a diagram that illustrates how water molecules interact with non-water molecules?• describe or draw a diagram that illustrates how a molecule dissolves in water?• predict if one molecule is likely to be more/less water soluble than another?Terms and Conceptsionic, covalent bonds polar, non-polarelement, compound, molecule ion, isotopeatomic number protons, neutrons, electronsHydrogen bond van der waals interactionCarbon, Functional Groups, and polymers Learning Goals: Can you• Recognize whether two molecules are isomers or not?• Identify the major functional groups found in organic molecules in living organisms?• Predict how attachment of a given functional group would affect the properties of a molecule?• Illustrate how both the shape and physical properties of a molecule can influence how • a molecule is recognized by an organism?• Draw a diagram that illustrates the basic mechanism of how biological polymers form / breakdown?• Distinguish between polymers of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins?• Identify individual monomers within a polymer of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, or proteins?• Explain the advantage of using polymers in organisms?New Terms and Concepts (from the text and/or through lecture)organic moleculeHydrocarbondehydration and hydrolysismonomers and polymersFunctional group isomeramino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, sulfydryl, carbonyl, phosphate, methyl groupsWater and pHTerms and ConceptspH, acid, base Molarityequilibrium hydrogen/hydronium ionsBuffer hydroxide ions logarithmic (exponential) scaleLearning Goals: Can you:• convert between pH/pOH and [H+]/[OH-] concentrations of a solution?• Interchange the approximate pH/OH or [H+]/[OH-] without using a calculator?• explain the difference between how strong and weak acids/bases behave in water?• illustrate what is meant by a reversible reaction and how this relates to weak acids/bases?• predict how a buffer will respond to changing [H+] or [OH-] levels.• draw a graph that illustrates how the pH of a solution of pure water would change in response to the addition of a strong acid or base?• draw a graph that illustrates how the pH of a buffered solution of water would change in response to the addition of a strong acid or base?• explain how and why changing pH could affect molecules and tissues in an
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