Atoms molecules and chemical bonds This class will review some of the concepts covered in chemistry and how to apply these concepts in a way that is relevant to biology Learning Goals Can you predict the relative physical properties of two different molecules based on the chemical bonds present within these molecules Is one more polar or non polar than the other Are any of the molecules ionic describe or draw a diagram that illustrates how any two given molecules could interact with each other Are they likely to associate through ionic covalent hydrogen bond or van der Waals interactions How do the physical properties of these molecules promote one or another of these interactions draw a diagram that illustrates how water molecules interact with each other draw a diagram that illustrates how water molecules interact with non water molecules describe or draw a diagram that illustrates how a molecule dissolves in water predict if one molecule is likely to be more less water soluble than another Terms and Concepts ionic covalent bonds element compound molecule atomic number Hydrogen bond polar non polar ion isotope protons neutrons electrons van der waals interaction Carbon Functional Groups and polymers Learning Goals Can you Recognize whether two molecules are isomers or not Identify the major functional groups found in organic molecules in living organisms Predict how attachment of a given functional group would affect the properties of a molecule Illustrate how both the shape and physical properties of a molecule can influence how a molecule is recognized by an organism Draw a diagram that illustrates the basic mechanism of how biological polymers form breakdown Distinguish between polymers of carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids and proteins Identify individual monomers within a polymer of carbohydrates lipids nucleic acids or proteins Explain the advantage of using polymers in organisms New Terms and Concepts from the text and or through lecture Hydrocarbon organic molecule monomers and polymers dehydration and hydrolysis Functional group amino carboxyl hydroxyl sulfydryl carbonyl phosphate isomer methyl groups Water and pH Terms and Concepts Learning Goals Can you pH acid base Molarity convert between pH pOH and H OH concentrations of a solution equilibrium hydrogen hydronium ions Interchange the approximate pH OH or H OH without using a calculator Buffer hydroxide ions logarithmic exponential scale explain the difference between how strong and weak acids bases behave in water illustrate what is meant by a reversible reaction and how this relates to weak acids bases predict how a buffer will respond to changing H or OH levels draw a graph that illustrates how the pH of a solution of pure water would change in response to the addition of a strong acid or base draw a graph that illustrates how the pH of a buffered solution of water would change in response to the addition of a strong acid or base explain how and why changing pH could affect molecules and tissues in an organism