1Psychology 1230: Psychology of AdolescenceDon HartmannFall 2005© Lecture 23b: Adolescent Problems IIQuiz 3 Information• A review session for Quiz 3 is scheduled for Rm. 604, BS at 10:30-11:30 on Tuesday, December 3rd• Quiz 3 is scheduled for Wednesday during class time. Please beprompt, as I can not allow extra time for stragglers • Approximately 80% of the multiple choice items will come from the study guides. The MC portion of the quiz will contain 40-45 items (chapters 10-14, lectures #17-23, handouts, etc.) from the following sources:– 4-6 questions from each chapter, – 3-4 items from each lecture, and – 0-1 questions from each handout.• The essay portion will include 3-5 relatively brief essay questions taken from the study guides. You will have some choice over which questions you can choose to answerWEB Discussion ProcessGroup #3 due #4 due #5 dueWhippets 10/27 (10/26) 11/14** Disbanded4?+1? 10/28 (10/28) 11/18 (11/18) 12/12JusticeLeague 11/15** DisbandedPithHelmets 11/09 (11/09) 11/28MAJACS 10/25 (10/25) 11/11 (11/11) 12/07Psyched 12/12----------Note: Anyone can contribute to any WEB discussion; group members are responsible to summarizing the discussion. The last day to contribute to any discussion is 3 days before the due date. Dates in parenthesis indicate the date handed in. Bolded dates indicate that material handed in was incomplete; more is required.**Where is the summary??2Handout SummaryHandout WEBDate Date• 40. Lect. #17: Autonomy 11/07• 41. Handout: Supplemental Project #2 11/04• 42. Handout: Supplemental Project #3 11/07• 43. Lect. #17b: Family Conflict 11/08• 44. Study Guide #10 11/08• 45. Lect. #18: Peers 11/10• 46. Lect. #19: Peers II: Pop. & Friendship 11/11• 47. Lect. #20: Bullying 11/17• 48. Study Guide #11 (corrected) 11/21• 49. Lect. #21: Schools 11/21• 50. Study Guide #12 11/21• 51. Lect. #22a: Achievement 11/28• 52. Study Guide #13 11/28• 53. Study Guide #14 11/30• 54. Lect. #23a: Adolescent Problems I 12/01• 55. Lect. #23b: Adolescent Problems II 12/03• 56. Quiz 3, Spring 2005 12/02Overview: Adolescent Problems I & II• Introduction• Risk, Resilience, and Pathways• Intervention: Treatment & Prevention– Illustration involving drugs– Illustration involving teen suicide• Overlaps with text, pp. 507-522, 530-531, 536• Quiz 3 on Wednesday, Quiz 4 next Tuesday.Primary Prevention & Drugs• Background– About 40% of seniors have taken illicit drug in the past 30 days. Well below heyday in the late 70s– 90+% licit drugs (nicotine and alcohol).– Except for diet pills, males exceed females.3Prevention of Drug Taking• Agent intervention -- focus on the abused substance. • Environment intervention -- Focuses on where the abuse takes place• Host interventions -- focusing on the abusing (or potentially abusing) personDrugTakingAgentEnvir.HostRisk & Resilience FactorsWhile each drug may have a unique set of risk & resilience factors, the following appear to be general to the class of drug taking:• Resilience: religion, positive relationships with parents, limit setting by parents, parental involvement, positive regard for parents• Risk: low parental involvement, peer pressure, associating with problem-behaving peers, drug-abusing parent, parent with low verbal reasoning skills and poor social-problem-solving skillsPrevention Factors• Early intervention• Senior peer-led programs• Program Training social skills & peer-pressure coping skills• Community-wide intervention4A lighter view…Primary Prevention & SuicideBackground (1)• Utah's rate has remained among the highest in the nation for more than two decades• For adolescent males, Utah rate almost twice national rate• Majority of suicides are male (88%)• Method– males, firearms were used in the majority of suicides (64%)– females, the most common method of suicide death is poisoning (39%)• Nationally, in the past forty years, youth suicide rates have almost tripled. Between 1980 and 1996, suicide rates for ages 10 to 14 increased by over 100%.Suicide: More BackgroundBackground (2)• 1 in 4 high school students report feeling sad or hopeless for a period of at least 2 weeks• 1 in 6 report having seriously considered suicide• 1 in 8 actually made a plan to take their own life.• 1 in 13 report actually having attempted suicide—4 out of 5 give clear warning (national statistics)• Of those who did suicide:– 3% had psychotropic drugs in their system and 24% had an illicit drug in their system when they committed suicide– 63% had previous contact with the juvenile justice system—truancy, possession, and aggressive behavior were common problems– 65 % wer identified as having a psychiatric diagnosis5General Risk Factors•Family• family instability and unhappiness, lack of affection and support, high levels of control and pressure for achievement•background of depression in family tree; •Other• involvement with the juvenile justice system•Psychological problems (e.g., depression & drugs)• behavior contagion (copycat suicides)Signs that a teenager may be considering suicide may include • Suicide Threats • Writing notes/poems about death • Change in eating and/or sleeping patterns • Putting affairs in order • Giving away prized possessions • Personality changes • Neglect of personal appearance • Withdrawing from friends, family, and usual activities • Changes in grades at school • Trouble concentrating • Drug or alcohol abuse • Unstable emotional state • Depression • Running away from home • Run-ins with the law Interventions• Through the Juvenile Justice System (Utah Youth Suicide Study) • School-based Program—based upon materials provided by the Jason Foundation (http://www.jasonfoundation.com/home.html), getting teachers, administrators, peers, and parents to ask the right questions and pick up on signs of depression or anxiety in teens6Barriers to Treatment• Parents most frequently cited three factors: – their children believed nothing could help them, – they were reluctant to admit they had problems, and – they perceived seeking help as a sign of weakness• Siblings and friends listed the same problems and added one more—the suicide completers did not know where to go for helpPrevention Factors• Early intervention• Senior peer-led programs• Program Training social skills & peer-pressure coping