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SC CRJU 101 - Policing: Roles and Functions

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Creation of the London Metropolitan Police: 1829Robert Peel’s Police1000 menTwo main principlesMission – to discourage crimeStrategy – the use of preventive patrol…being visibleStop things before they happenOrganization – reflective of the military in uniforms and command structureHere to protect youThe uniforms because they wanted them to be easily identified as to you know this person can help youStructure where modern policing comes fromOrigins of American Policing:Early policing followed the British Volunteer systemEvery able-bodied male had to volunteer for a watch shiftSpecific Task Policing:Started in Charleston, SCSlave Patrols – 1734-1830sCreation of formal policing organizations:NYPD was created in 1844 – 1st formal police department in the USSt. Louis PD 1846Boston PD 1854Frontier Law Enforcement:Not formal law enforcementPeople handled their own problemsTexas Rangers – 1st official state police agencies 1874Federal Law Enforcement:US Marshal’s Service created in 1789 – 1st federal law enforcementServed federal courtsEarly American Police Departments:CharacteristicsNo qualifications – all who you knowLacking training and professionalismPatrol offices were assigned large footbeatsCorruption – slept, didn’t do their footbeats, corruption with government was also extremely highPay to get jobs, promotionsTake bribes, buy organized crime to look the other wayIllegal rackets that they were protecting – prohibition, drugs, gambling…etc.Where are we now?Fragmented Nature of US Law Enforcement:18,000 law enforcement law agencies in the USmore local agencies than federaleach state has their own agencies – local policefederalstatelocalBy comparisonEngland – 43 agenciesAustralia – 9 agencies (1 federal, 8 state)Israel – 1 AgencyFederal Law Enforcement:Approx. 93,000 federal agents /officersFederal Bureau of Investigations (1908) by J. EdgarApprox. 13,600 agents, 22,000 support staff, $8.3 billion budgetResponsibilities: terrorism, cyber crime, I.E.D., white collar, art crimes, theft, organized crime, kidnappings, counter-terrorismTop 10 most wantedDrug Enforcement Administration (1973)Approx.. 5,200 agents, $2 billion budgetResponsibilities: drugs, prescription narcotics, violations of controlled substance acts, nationally and foreignUS Marshal Service (1789)3800 marshals and investigators440 locations they serve security forArrests 302 fugitives every dayTop 30 most wanted18,400 participants in the USMove all prisoners in the USAcid-forfeiture – real state, property, art, vehicles, vessels, boats…etc. anything purchased with federal money and then resell itBureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives$1.1 billion budgetCRJU 101 1nd Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture I. Criminal LawOutline of Current Lecture II. Creation of the London Metropolitan PoliceIII. Origins of American PolicingIV. Early American Police DepartmentsV. Fragmented Nature of US Law EnforcementVI. Federal Law EnforcementCurrent Lecture Creation of the London Metropolitan Police: 1829- Robert Peel’s Policeo 1000 meno Two main principles Mission – to discourage crime Strategy – the use of preventive patrol…being visible  Stop things before they happeno Organization – reflective of the military in uniforms and command structure  Here to protect you The uniforms because they wanted them to be easily identified as to you know this person can help youo Structure where modern policing comes from  Origins of American Policing:- Early policing followed the British Volunteer system o Every able-bodied male had to volunteer for a watch shif- Specific Task Policing: o Started in Charleston, SC Slave Patrols – 1734-1830s These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Creation of formal policing organizations:o NYPD was created in 1844 – 1st formal police department in the USo St. Louis PD 1846o Boston PD 1854- Frontier Law Enforcement: o Not formal law enforcement o People handled their own problems o Texas Rangers – 1st official state police agencies 1874- Federal Law Enforcement: o US Marshal’s Service created in 1789 – 1st federal law enforcement  Served federal courts  Early American Police Departments:- Characteristicso No qualifications – all who you know o Lacking training and professionalism o Patrol offices were assigned large footbeatso Corruption – slept, didn’t do their footbeats, corruption with government was also extremely high Pay to get jobs, promotions Take bribes, buy organized crime to look the other way Illegal rackets that they were protecting – prohibition, drugs, gambling…etc.- Where are we now? Fragmented Nature of US Law Enforcement:- 18,000 law enforcement law agencies in the US o more local agencies than federalo each state has their own agencies – local police federal state  local- By comparison o England – 43 agencieso Australia – 9 agencies (1 federal, 8 state)o Israel – 1 Agency Federal Law Enforcement:- Approx. 93,000 federal agents /officerso Federal Bureau of Investigations (1908) by J. Edgar  Approx. 13,600 agents, 22,000 support staff, $8.3 billion budget Responsibilities: terrorism, cyber crime, I.E.D., white collar, art crimes, thef, organized crime, kidnappings, counter-terrorism Top 10 most wantedo Drug Enforcement Administration (1973) Approx.. 5,200 agents, $2 billion budget Responsibilities: drugs, prescription narcotics, violations of controlled substance acts, nationally and foreign o US Marshal Service (1789) 3800 marshals and investigators  440 locations they serve security for  Arrests 302 fugitives every day  Top 30 most wanted 18,400 participants in the US  Move all prisoners in the US  Acid-forfeiture – real state, property, art, vehicles, vessels, boats…etc. anything purchased with federal money and then resell ito Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives $1.1 billion


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