BIOL 3800 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Current Lecture I. Principles of PhysiologyA. Grounded in Physics and ChemistryII. Study of Animal PhysiologyA. FocusB. Integrative Sciences III. Subdisciplines Animal PhysiologyA. Comparative PhysiologyB. Environmental PhysiologyC. Evolutionary PhysiologyD. Developmental PhysiologyE. Cell PhysiologyIV. Why Learn Animal PhysiologyA. CuriosityB. Commercial/ Agricultural ApplicationsC. Human Physiology InsightsV. Central Animal Phys ThemesA. Structure/ Function relationsB. Adaptation, Acclimatization, AcclimationC. HomeostasisD. Feedback SystemE. Conformity and RegulationVI. EthicsA. Animal ExperimentationB. Animal Welfare/Animal RightsCurrent LecturePrinciples of PhysiologyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.I. Principles of PhysiologyA. Grounded in Physics and Chemistry II. Study of Animal PhysiologyA. Focus1. Tissues2. Organs3. Organ systemsB. Integrative sciences1. Test many underlying causes for certain effect and combine information to better understand organism as a wholeC. Evolution1. Study rich in concept of evolutionIII. Subdisciplines Animal PhysiologyA. Comparative Physiology1. Species compared and from there goal is to discern patterns in evolution and physiologyB. Environmental Physiology: 1. Examines animals in their habitat2. Focus on adaptations to environmentC. Evolutionary Physiology: 1. focus on techniques evolutionary biology and systematic: taxonomic family trees AKA cladograms2. Focus more on physiological (constant body temp.) rather that anatomical featuresD. Developmental Physiology1. Unfolding of physiology from embryo to adulthoodE. Cell Physiology1. provides info. about physiology of cell/ cells themselves- many questions can be answered oftentimes by employing just 2 of these disciplinesIV. Why Learn Animal Physiology?A. CuriosityB. Commercial/agricultural applicationsC. Human physiology insights1. Humans and animals share many same physiological processes so can learn more about ourselvesV. Central Animals Physiology ThemesA. Structure/Function Relations1. Functiona. typically corresponds/dependant structureB. Adaptation, Acclimatization, Acclimation1. Adaptationa. evolutionary occurrence helps animal to be better suited for survival in environmentb. confused w/ acclimatization and acclimation often2. Acclimatization a. Some change org lifetime from new environment3. Acclimationa. Change in organism stemming from induced new environment (i.e labb. Acclimation & acclimatization reversible4. Evolution sloppya. Result not optimal but good enough for survival 5. Testing for Adaptationa. Scientist often use comparative physiology to test whether physiological practice adaptiveb. Adaptations genetically based (passed on through generations) in form of (DNA) molecules deoxyribonucleic acidi. Mutations (spontaneous alteration) can occur in DNA nucleotide sequence C Homeostasis1. Organisms ability to maintain internal stability in oftentimes varying external environmentsD. Feedback System1. Feedback sensory information gathered and this mechanism allows cell to actin a way as to keep cell at homeostasis2. Negative feedback: corrective action from information from stimulus externalstimulusa. Set point: place negative feedback tries to come back to where it is in homeostasisb. Negative feedback is most predominant in maintaining homeostasis but also positive feedback (i.e rising oxytocin levels rising during birth) away from set point but usually has to go back to set point via negative feedback E Conformity & Regulation1. Conformers: can’t maintain homeostasis 2. Regulators: maintain homeostasis, some regulators may need to conform to survive think acclimatizationVI. Animal ExperimentationA. Ethics1. Most experiments done on animals and not humans this is often ethically impossibleB. Animal Welfare/ Animal Rights1. Distinction animal welfare: humane treatment of animal Animal rights: same human inalienable rights wouldn’t be able to keep as pets- Science strong support of animal welfare - Both aid in balancing concerns for well-being of