UH GEOL 1376 - Geol Lecture on Ch 3 (3 pages)

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9 9 14 Chapter 3 Biological Evolution Evolution any continuous unidirectional change organic evolution life is descended from pre existing life 1859 Charles Darwin Origin of Species revelating date in intellectual history Before 1859 all species created thousands of years ago unchanged After 1859 species are dynamic entities adapting to changing environments through geologic time all life forms are related humans belong to the animal kingdom What is species latin a kind of thing generic nouns grass worm snake apply to categories of plants and animals human language use words words to represent individual species that are edible dangerous useful or conspicuous allo foreign sym together patric country 1650 1730 Debate on Mutable vs Fixed Nature of Species mutability changability Species real is the nature of a species fixed Linnaeus 1758 By 1730 debate was settled species are real fixed numerous Treated species as unitary real distinct established modern zoological classification hierarchical arrangement of species into groups Founder of Taxonomy Science of classification description illustration identification naming studies evolutionary relationships of a group of organisms Species A species is a group of naturally occurring interbreeding populations which is reproductively isolated from other such populations Real not man made concept exist in nature population not individuals every species is genetically unique and distinct species is a basic working unit Species genus family order class phylum kingdom domain Phylogeny phylum branch geny origin theory about evolutionary descent a classification is revised whenever something new is discovered genus group of closely related species species are real but classification is subjective Kingdoms Kingdom Animalia ingestive multicellular eucaryotes Kingdom Plantae photosynthetic multicellular eucaryotes Kingdom Protista unicellular eucaryotes Kingdom Fungi absorptive syncytial eucaryotes Kindgom Monera Procaryotes bacteria