Lecture 1MEDITERRANEANItaly, Greece, TurkeyCrete (Minoan Civilization)Island with castlesPalace At knososSir Arthur Evans finds it 1500 BCOlder than castles in GreeceOldest city in Europe yet smaller cities that predate this cityHieroglyphs referring to the Minoans is how we know about itKing MinosLiked by the peopleGoes to Poseidon, white bowl washes on the shore, Poseidon thinks he will sacrifice it. P instills a lust in his wife for a bull. She has a minotaur (half man and bull).Crete was better than Athens in the sense Athens paid gifts to Minotaur son.LabyrinthPalaceArtworkParisian fragmentSnake goddessWorshipped her until things started going bad for society. Broke statue in half and buried her.Minoans were traders (wool/ pottery/ color purple- royal association, took a lot of conch shells grinded up to produce color)Physical cultureCompetition had to do with worship of godsBull jumping/leapingFound through palace complex and on potteryCretan hieroglyphsDeciphered textCircles with hieroglyphs in a spiralNot much is known about theseLinear AAlso found on Minoan CreteAlso deciphered1100 examples of linear ALinear BFound on mainland GreeceEarly form of GreekFound on Crete alsoTalks about Apollo and dianisiceMost of it has been decipheredTalks more about recordsWhy is there 3 types of writing and why is found on main land Greece?Culture starts to declineTrading happens on mainland GreeceMycenaean’s conquer and take over Minoan culture, turn culture more greekMinoan demiseVolcano erupts , creates caldera in santoriniAka fera (santorini)Huge tidal wage smashes into Crete (Minoans survive however)Turns pottery into having sea creatures on it (post tidal wave)Destroyed by tsunami which same from volcano, traded in color purple, wrote with linear ATrading civilizationMycenaean Civilization1600 BC- 1100 BCPalace at knosis existed about 100 years earlier than Mycenaean civ.Warriors who go to war with troy came from MycenaeCity: MycenaeHalf story of troy/ Iliad comes fromWarrior conqueror type civilizationTholos:Giant bee hive looking tombsHave been raided, similar to pyramids situationKings would be buried there with goodsCollapse of Bronze Age100 BC (dark age begins)hear that palace at Cnossos is not doing well, go to conquer it – how linear B ends up in Cretelast tablet of Linear B (pylos)return to illiteracy“sea peoples”?part of collapsegroups of people mentioned on Egyptian hieroglyphsRamis lll is on hieroglyphs being a sea warrior defeating sea peopleCaused ruckus on island before making their way to Egypt where Ramis army defeated themThey however destroy Mycenaean people and citiesFamine caused them most likely to get in ships and travel to EgyptDorian Invasion begins 1200 BCReturn of heracleidaeDorian is a dialectIncrease in Dorians around 1200 BCSpartians spoke Dorian legends of why they left and returned to Sparta (all written in dorian)Most greeks came from outside of GreeceReasons for decline/ migration varyNewest research suggests 300 year droughtFamine, food shortage, need to migrate, invasionTrade stopsTin makes Bronze is not made and trade switches to iron. Iron is harder to make.Environmental factors could have played a role in why Mycenaean culture stoppedLinear B is gone everywhere it previously existedHomerHerdotus says lived 400 years before his timeC 850 BC (modern schloars say 8/7th century)Blind“guild of the blind”wrote Iliad and Odysseyionic Greekdactylic hexametereducationHomeric hymns; epic cycleLived several hundred years after bronze ageWrites about Mycenaean and TroyHIST 100 1st Edition Lecture 1 MEDITERRANEAN - Italy, Greece, Turkey o Crete (Minoan Civilization)  Island with castles o Palace At knosos Sir Arthur Evans finds it 1500 BC  Older than castles in Greece  Oldest city in Europe yet smaller cities that predate this city  Hieroglyphs referring to the Minoans is how we know about it  King Minos  Liked by the people Goes to Poseidon, white bowl washes on the shore, Poseidon thinks he will sacrifice it. P instills a lust in his wife for a bull. She has a minotaur (half man and bull).  Crete was better than Athens in the sense Athens paid gifts to Minotaur son.  Labyrinth Palace Artwork - Parisian fragment - Snake goddess o Worshipped her until things started going bad for society. Broke statue in half and buried her. Minoans were traders (wool/ pottery/ color purple- royal association, took a lot of conch shells grinded up to produce color) Physical culture  Competition had to do with worship of gods These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Bull jumping/leaping- Found through palace complex and on pottery Cretan hieroglyphs  Deciphered text Circles with hieroglyphs in a spiral  Not much is known about these Linear A  Also found on Minoan Crete  Also deciphered  1100 examples of linear A Linear B  Found on mainland Greece  Early form of Greek  Found on Crete also  Talks about Apollo and dianisice  Most of it has been deciphered  Talks more about records  Why is there 3 types of writing and why is found on main land Greece? Culture starts to decline  Trading happens on mainland Greece Mycenaean’s conquer and take over Minoan culture, turn culture more greek  Minoan demise Volcano erupts , creates caldera in santorini Aka fera (santorini) Huge tidal wage smashes into Crete (Minoans survive however)  Turns pottery into having sea creatures on it (post tidal wave) Destroyed by tsunami which same from volcano, traded in color purple, wrote with linear A Trading civilization Mycenaean Civilization  1600 BC- 1100 BC Palace at knosis existed about 100 years earlier than Mycenaean civ.  Warriors who go to war with troy came from Mycenae  City: Mycenae- Half story of troy/ Iliad comes from - Warrior conqueror type civilization  Tholos:- Giant bee hive looking tombs - Have been raided, similar to pyramids situation - Kings would be buried there with goods  Collapse of Bronze Age - 100 BC (dark age begins)- hear that palace at Cnossos is not doing well, go to conquer it – how linear B ends up in Crete - last tablet of Linear B (pylos) o return to illiteracy - “sea peoples”?o part of collapse o groups of people mentioned on Egyptian hieroglyphs o Ramis