BIO 251 1nd Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture I. Syllabus Outline of Current Lecture I. Organization of bodya. Cellsi. Basic cell functionsii. Specialized functionsb. Primary tissuesi. Nervous tissueii. Epithelial tissueiii. Connective tissueCurrent LectureWhat is human physiology?A. Study of function of human bodyB. Function closely related to structure1. For example, to understand heart function, need to understand heart structureMajor Theme 1: Organization of the body: Structure & FunctionA. OverviewB. Cells: 75 trillion in human body1. Basic cell functionsa) obtain nutrients & oxygenb) make energyc) eliminate wastesd) synthesize proteins & other compoundse) sense/respond to environmentf) control exchange of material with environmentg) move materialsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.h) reproduce (only some cells can do this; nerves and muscles generally cannot)2. Specialized cell functionsa) Each cell also performs specialized function, which is usually a modification of basic cell functionb) Examples:(1) gland cells of digestive system secrete digestive enzymes (d above)(2) kidney cells selective retain some substances & eliminate others (f)C. Primary Tissues: composed of cells of a single type + extracellular material (Fig 1.2)1. Nervous tissue (Fig 1.2a)a) Cells specialized for initiation and transmission of electrical impulsesb) Found in:(1) brain(2) spinal cord(3) nerves2. Muscle tissue (Fig 1.2b)a) Cells specialized for contraction & force generationb) Three types(1) skeletal(2) cardiac(3) smooth (e.g., used in digestive)3. Epithelial tissuea) Cells specialized in exchange of material with environmentb) Two general types of structures(1) sheets (e.g., skin, digestive tract lining) (Fig 1.2c)(2) secretory glands (sweat glands, endocrine glands (fig 1.3)4. Connective tissue (Fig 1.2d)a) Cells that connect, support & anchor body
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