BMS 300 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Last Lecture Outline of Current Lecture I. Components of water-Hydrogen and oxygen II. Structure of water III. Covalent bonds IV. Dipole moments V. Water as a liquid-Hydrogen bonds VI. Ion Solubility -Hydrophilic -Shells of hydration Current LectureStructure of Water-1 atom oxygen -2 atoms hydrogen -hydrogen has one proton and one electron -H2O -covalently linked -polar molecule-the hydrogen atom doesn’t get as much time w/ the electrons >basically the electrons have been pulled away from the hydrogen and instead spend their time with the oxygen -has a dipole moment which means there is a different charge on both ends >the negative charge reacts with the positive chargeWhat makes water so different? -dipole moment -beaker of water the molecules are interacting so the positive ends on the hydrogen interact with the negative ends of a water molecule (like little magnets holding the water molecules together)-water is liquid at room temp. because of hydrogen bonds The image below is the structure of a water molecule and an example of hydrogen bonding:Surface tension: happens because of the interaction between hydrogen bonds-ex: when you put water in a beaker and there’s a meniscus Ion Solubility -ions are charged -when you put salt into water: >at a molecular level >when the water molecules strike the sodium chloride ion some of the sodium ions come off and the same goes for the negatively charged chloride ions>the chloride ion then interacts with the positive end of the hydrogen ion -the ions are hydrophilic (water loving) -the sodium ions with have a “shell of hydration” around them with the oxygen facing them-the chloride ions will have a “shell of hydration” around them with the hydrogen facing them *see image
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