CHEM 1100 Lecture 1 Outline of Lecture I. What is Chemistry?II. Matter: The Making and Breaking of Chemical BondsIII. Elements, Compounds, & MixturesIV. RecapCurrent LectureI. What is Chemistry?a. the study of matter.b. Atoms & Molecules is the title of the class and those two elements are what make up matter. II. Mattera. Something that has two qualities: has to take up space and has to have a mass.b. Comes in three states solid, liquid, & gas. c. Ex: of something that is NOT matter – lightd. Any piece of matter can be placed in 1 of these 3 categories.e. Elements, Mixtures, CompoundsIII. Elements, Compounds, Mixtures, Pure SubstancesA. Elements: Found on the periodic table. a. With elements only one type of atom is present. b. Graphite and Diamonds are both elements but just different forms of the element carbon. Even though theyaren't on the periodic table they technically are still These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.elements.c. Expressed by chemical formulad. Ex: Chlorine, Oxygen, Tin, Coppere. Example of elements not found on the periodic table butthat are still elements: graphite, diamond, ozoneB. Compounds:a. They consist of at least two types of atoms.b. Expressed by chemical formula. c. Ex: water is a compound and the formula is H20d. More Examples: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Carbon Monoxide (CO)Water (H20)Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)C. Mixturesa. Can't be expressed by a formula. It’s a mixture of two types of pure substances. b. You can break down compounds chemically, and break down elements with nuclear reactions, mixtures you separate until you separate the pure substances that create the mixture.c. You can break down by filtering one substance from theother. Evaporate one substance from the other. d. Mixtures: Combining two or more pure substances.e. Sands have different colors because their composition varies. f. Air is a mixture.g. Air is made up of N2, O2, CO2, H2O, Arh. Inhaled & Exhaled Air have different compositionsi. Inhaled Air: N2 (78%), O2 (21%), CO2 (0.04%), Ar (0.9%) j. Exhaled Air: N2 (75%), O2 (16%), CO2 (4%), Ar(0.9%)D. RECAPa. Mixtures, Compounds, & Elements are all exclusive. Meaning that something cannot be a mixture and a compound. It cannot be a compound and an element. It cannot be an element and a mixture. A mixture is a mixture. A compound is a compound. And an element is an element. b. You can break down compounds with a chemical reaction. In order to break a compound down into its component elements or in other words making or breaking chemical bonds. c. Elements consist of all the same kinds of atoms. So the element Carbon is made up of a number of carbon atoms. To break elements down you need a nuclear reaction.d. Matter is everything in the universe that has mass and takes up space. Matter breaks down into two broad categories pure substances and mixtures. And mixtures are just multiple pure substances mixed together. Pure substances break down into two groups of elements andcompounds. Compounds are just two or more elements. e. Mixtures vs. Pure Substances -Chemistry deals mostly with mixtures.f. Reactions deal mostly with pure substances. How can one pure substance change into another pure substance?g. Mixtures: Heterogeneous vs Homogenoush. Heterogeneous: you can see different parts, different layers of the mixture. Ex: oil and water. They don't mix.You can clearly see the outlines of each substance. i. Homogenous is a mixture where the components that make up the mixture are uniformly distributed throughout the mixture. j. Examples of Homogeneous mixtures: air, blood, saturated sugar