CHEM 113 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline Of Current LectureCHAPTER 16: Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions- A balanced chemical equation tells us only a small amount of information about a reaction.- The following list are concepts that are not described in a balanced chemical equation but are characteristics we will be able to solve for by the end of this unit.o How fast is the reaction proceeding?o How far will the reaction proceed toward completion?o Will the reaction proceed by releasing energy or by requiring it?Current LectureThe following section begins to answer our first question of “How fast is the reaction proceeding?”16.1: Focusing on reaction rate- Reaction rate: The change in the concentrations of reactants (or products) as a function of time.o This rate varies from reaction to reaction.o If a reaction is a fast one (has a high reaction rate), the concentration of reactant decreases quickly.o Therefore, the concentration of reactant will decrease slowly in a slower reaction.o There may be a point where there are equal amounts of reactants and products- Factors affecting reaction ratesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o 1). Concentration The higher the concentration, the more molecules of a substance there is,thus more molecular collisions. The more molecular collisions the more often the substances react. Reaction rate is proportional to the number of collisions, which depends on the concentration of reactants. o 2). Physical state Physical state determines how easily the reactants mix, therefore also affecting collision frequency. The more finely divided a solid or liquid reactant, the greater its surface area, the more contact it makes with the other reactant and the faster the reaction occurs.o 3). TemperatureThis affects the reaction rate by increasing the frequency and the energy of collisions. -Frequency of collisionso The higher the temperature, the more frequent collisions occur and thus more molecules react.-Energy of collisionso Temperature affects the molecules’ kinetic energy.o At a higher temperature, more sufficiently energetic collisions occur and so more molecules react.o 4). CatalystA substance that increases the rate without being consumed.More will be discussed about these in later
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