POL 202 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Current Lecture 1. The Cold Wara. Unlike WWI results of WWII were conclusive i. Great powers war left powerlessb. US and Soviet Union left as only remaining military powersi. Questions remained as to how this two power would be orderedii. Had global reach and could maintain and extend military poweriii. Realist point of view that after WWII the US and Soviet Union were natural enemies1. Soviet Union was the only capable to be a threat if it so chose to be a threat and vice versa2. Ideological divide made it more fierceiv. Seeds of Cold War Sowa in Yalta1. Yalta Conference Feb 1945a. Major conference if allied Powers held in Yalta. Seaside resort city in Crimea, Ukraineb. Issues:i. Dividing up of Germanyii. Formation of the UNiii. German war reparationsiv. Entry of Soviet Un into war against Japanv. The future of Polandc. Four Zones for Germany and Berlini. Each of the 4 main powers would occupy Germany and then slowly themselves would form their own governmentii. French, British, and American wanted to form a democratic Governmentiii. That’s why there was E and W Germanyduring the cold war. E Germany was democratic and West was notiv. Confirmed Soviet influence in E Europe1. Red Army occupation of E made this inevitable2. Church chill and Roosevelt criticizedd. Invasion of Poland that set off WWIIv. Superpowers emerge1. Germany is divided into 4 zones of occupation and Europe into spheres influence2. Conflicts between US and Soviet Uniona. Struggle for influenceb. Different military and economic interestsc. Failure in interacting productively3. Anything that the Soviet Union did was looked for suspicion from the West and the Us from the Soviet Union4. In 1949 both US and SOVIET Union begin consolidating control on their blocs5. The Americans createa. Military alliance, NATO ( north Atlantic treaty organization)b. New economic order, the Bretton Woods systemc. Soviet Union creates the communist alliance, Warsaw Pactd. World Divided into the communist and capitalist partsi. The cold war consumes internationals politics from late 1940s to late 1980svi. The Blocs consolidate1. Interactions become hostile and suspicions as each power aims to strengthen itself2. US favors market based capitalist activities 3. Soviet Union favors planned socialism4. By early 1960s the Western World becomes an integrated communitya. Social welfare programs enactedb. Welfare State is developing social insurances and guaranteed so people could be taken care of i. Had their need taken care of without taking part of communism5. The Soviet Union respondsa. Creates military alliance with its European6. Cold War and alliances, 1980a. NATO b. Allies with Usc. Warsaw Pactd. Most of war divided to Soviet Union allies and the US alliesvii. Development of Nuclear Weapons1. 1954, both US and the Soviet Union had hydrogen and atomic bombs2. Sputnik launch 1957a. US shocked at Soviet technologyb. New tech and education programsc. Precipitated shift from nuclear bombers to nuclear missiles3. 1950s and 1960s missiles became to take over4. Era of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)viii. Berlin Airlift of 19491. WWII, Germany divided into Us, Britain, France and Soviet Unionix. June 1948, Soviet Union wanted to blockade West Berlin expecting them to withdraw1. The US flew over the wall and took everything into Berlin2. Everything was flown into Berlin landing one ontop ofthe hour3. Soviets backed