GEOL 1610 1st EditionLecture 3Outline of Last Lecture I. OxidesII. CarbonatesIII. SulfatesIV. SulfidesV. HalidesVI. Native ElementsOutline of Current Lecture I. Igneous RockII. MagmaIII. Lava- important pointsIV. Origins of magmaV. Divergent plate BoundariesVI. Convergent Plate BoundariesVII. CrystallizationVIII. Igneous TexturesIX. Most important intrusive rick texturesX. Chemistry of Igneous RocksXI. What is Bowen’s Reaction series?XII. How do magmas change?XIII. Economic important of igneous rocksCurrent LectureI. Igneous RockThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Rocks are formbed by the crystallization of molten rockb. Two classes arei. Intrusive (plutonic) from magmaii. Extrusive from lavaII. Magma- important pointsa. Molten material in subsurface chambersb. Different sourcesi. Mantle (deep)ii. Crust (shallow)c. Different compostioni. Quartz contentii. Other elemtensiii. Volatiles (gasses + water)III. Lava- important pointsa. Molten rock extruded to a surfaceb. Underwater or to the airIV. Origins of magmaa. Divergent plate Boundariesi. Mid ocean spreading centersii. Basaltic compositionb. Convergent plate boundariesi. Ocean- Ocean= IslandarcThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Ocean-continent= Continental mountainsV. Divergent plate Boundariesa. Continental= separate crust and mantle sourcesb. Oceanic=single mantle courseVI. Convergent Plate Boundariesa. Mixture of the mantle and continental magmasb. Form huge intrusive cores of mountain ranges called BatholithsVII. Crystallizationa. Reverses the process of Meltingi. Silica tetrahedral firstii. Different minerals form during coolingiii. Crystals have different1. Compolition (mineralogy) 2. Size (texture)b. Most important controlling factorsi. Quartz (SiO2) contentii. Volatiles (gasses + water)iii. Location (intrusive vs. extrusive)VIII. Igneous Texturesa. Controlsi. Rate of coolingii. Silica contentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.iii. Dissolved gasses + waterb. Environment of Formationi. Extrusive (volcanic)1. Rapid cooling, rapid crystal growth2. Small crystalsii. Intrusive (plutonic)1. Slow cooling, prolong crystal growth2. Large crystalIX. Most important intrusive rick texturesa. Phaneritic-large, interlocking crystals (intrusive)b. Aphanitic- very large, interlocking crystals (extrusive)c. Porphrytic – larger crystals (phenocrysts) in a groundmass of fine crystals (extrusive or very shallow)X. Chemistry of Igneous RocksFelsic MaticElements SiO2FeK Al Na Mg CaMinerals Quartz Ca (feldspar)K feldspars, Mica Olivine, PryoxenesCharacter Light DarkContinental OceanicLo temp Hi tempa. 6 most important rocksThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.SiO2, K, Al Fe, Mg, Caintrusive Granite Gabbruextrusive Rhyolite BasaltContinental OceanicAlso: andesite- extrusive Diorite- intrusiveXI. What is Bowen’s Reaction series?a. Temperature-Based mineral stability sequenceb. Discontinuous and continuous reactionsi. Olivine through Biotite (Disc)ii. Ca through Na rich feldspars (cont)c. Shows mineral formation sequenced. Shows relative mineral stabilityi. Resistance to weatheringXII. How do magmas change?a. Magmatic Differentiationi. Settling and laagering of magmas1. Enrichment in Lo-temp ions2. Si, O, Al, Kii. Assimilation and Mixing 1. Incorporation of country rock2. Merger of magma chambersThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.XIII. Economic important of igneous rocksa. Metalsb. Hydrothermal depositsc. Pegmatited. Placerse. Chromiumf. Copper, mercury, gold, platinum, silver, lead, zinc, titaniumThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a
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