PSIO 5th Edition Lecture 3Outline of Last Lecture Chemical Level of Organization: Principles of Physiological ChemistryOutline of Current Lecture I. Cellular Level of Organization I: Introduction to Cell BiologyII. Cells – definitions and review of Biology III. Amino AcidsIV. Structure TypesV. Types of Membrane ProteinsCurrent Lecture1. Homeostasis – higher levels of biological organization arise from coordinated activity or cells2. Nucleus – Contains chromatin (DNA and special Proteins)3. Nucleic Envelope- Import and Export4. Golgi Apparatus- made up of layers used to package proteins5. Mitochondria- make ATP (immediate energy)6. Cytoplasm- liquid in cells (cytosol)7. Cytoskeleton- made of microfilaments, microtubules (cell division), and intermediate filaments. 8. Plasma Membrane- cell membrane9. Organelles –membrane bounds structures by special proteins 1) Membranous organelles(Nucleus and mitochondria), 2) Non-membranous organelles (cytoskeleton, and ribosomes) 10. Membrane- made of lipids and proteins (phospholipids) Amino Acids- makes proteins using “linear sequence”. An amino acid is composed of four groups: the amino acid branch, the carboxyl branch, the R (side chain) and the Hydrogen branch. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Amino acids can have four structures:1) Primary structure – polypeptide straight structure2) Secondary structure- alpha helix coiled peptide or beta3) Tertiary- knotted polypeptides in a specific way4) Quaternary- hemoglobin molecule Types of Membrane Proteins: 1) Integral Proteins- run across the cell membrane; are amphipathic2) Peripheral Proteins – are free to float in and out of cell
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