Victoria NewburyPhysics 132 Section: MLHasbrouck 212Due: 3/27/14Using an absorption spectrum to find wavelengths transmitted by elementsAbstractIn this lab we observed a continuous spectrum and an absorption spectrum through various elements such as hydrogen, sodium, and mercury. We calculated the experimental and theoreticalwavelengths transmitted for different elements. The elements allow for different wavelengths of light to be seen when a white light is transmitted through them so they create different colors. Questions and Answers1. For the wavelength measurement of different colors in the Hydrogen spectrum done in the lab, tabulate your data recorded along with the wavelength calculations performed forall colors in the spectrum. You are expected to provide both experimental and theoretical (using empirical Balmer series equation) calculations for wavelength. (2 points).Color Experimental Wavelength CalculationsTheoretical Wavelength CalculationsH Red d* sin = 3.33e-4 * .2095 = 698 nm1/ = 0.01097 * [(1/2^2)-(1/3^2)]= 656.28 nmH Green d* sin = 3.33e-4 * .1685 = 561 nm1/ = 0.01097 * [(1/2^2)-(1/4^2)]= 486.17 nmH Blue d* sin = 3.33e-4 * .1349 = 449 nm1/ = 0.01097 * [(1/2^2)-(1/5^2)]= 434.08 nm2. Tabulate your data recorded along with the wavelength calculations performed for violet and red colors seen in the spectrum of the white light bulb. (2 points)Color Experimental Wavelength CalculationsTheoretical Wavelength CalculationsContinuous Red d* sin = 3.33e-4 * .216 = 719nm1/ = 0.01097 * [(1/2^2)-(1/3^2)]=656.28 nmContinuous violet d * sin = 3.33e-4 * .1298 = 432 nm1/ = 0.01097 * [(1/2^2)-(1/6^2)]=414.35 nm3. List the different colors seen in the spectrum of the neon, mercury, and the sodium lamp. (1 point).a. The colors seen in the spectrum of the neon were green, yellow, orange, and red. The colors seen in the spectrum of the mercury were blue, violet, green, and yellow-orange. The colors seen in the spectrum of the sodium lamp was yellow. These colors can also be seen on the spectrum analysis chart.4. Calculate the frequencies of the violet and red colors seen in the spectrum from the white light bulb. Which color has the higher frequency? (1 point)a. All of the frequencies were calculated using the formula c= . The frequency of the violet color in the spectrum from the white bulb is 6.94e14 Hz. The frequency of the red color seen in the spectrum from the white light bulb is 4.17e14 Hz. The color with the higher frequency was violet. This makes sense because red has a larger wavelength than violet.5. Calculate the frequency of colors seen in the spectrum of the Hydrogen lamp. Compare them to the expected values calculated using the empirical formula for Balmer series (2 points).a. The frequency of the red color seen in the spectrum of the hydrogen lamp was 4.30e14 Hz. The expected value using the empirical formula for Balmer series was 4.57e14 Hz. The frequency of the green color seen in the spectrum of the hydrogen lamp was 5.34e14 Hz. The expected value using the empirical formula for Balmer series was 6.17e14 Hz. The frequency of the blue color seen in the spectrum of the hydrogen lamp was 6.68e14 Hz. The expected value using the empirical formula for Balmer series was 6.80e14 Hz.6. Are the spectra seen in this lab Emission Spectra or Absorption Spectra? Justify your answer. (1 point).a. The spectra seen in this lab are absorption spectra because the white light is transmitted through a substance and they show bands of different colors. The bands of different colors are due to the absorption of specific wavelengths of light.7. For the hydrogen lamp, what would be the wavelength if the transition of the electron is from n=8 to n=3 levels? (2 points).a. If the transition of the electron for the hydrogen lamp is from the n=8 to n=3 level, the wavelength would be 955.4 nm. This is calculated by first finding energy emitted by the photon, -13.6 * 1/8^2 – 1/362. This equals 1.298611 eV,which is 2.08060411e-19 J. This is then plugged into the formula, 1/ = 2.08060411e-19 / (h*c). H is plank constant and c is the speed of light. Wavelength is then found to be 955.4 nm.8. A star has an emission spectrum consisting of spectral lines with wavelengths (in nm): 410.2, 486.1, 589.0, and 656.3. What does this tell you about what the star is made of? (1 point).a. This tells me that the star is most likely made of mercury (close to 410.2), helium/calcium (close to 486.1), strontium/lithium (close to 589), and thallium (close to 656.3). I compared the wavelengths to the spectrum analysis.ConclusionBy using the information we learned in this lab, we can apply rules to discover what the sun and other stars are made of. Measuring the wavelengths that they transmit and by comparing it to the wavelengths transmitted by different elements can do this. Wavelengths of visual light are associated with the transmission of certain colors. Visible light includes wavelengths between 400 nm and 700
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