PSY233 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. Chapter 2: Scientific Study of People continuedA. Personality and brain data a. Electroencephalograph (EEG)b. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)B. 4 targets of assessments1. Average behaviors2. Variability in behaviors3. Conscious thoughts4. Unconscious mental events C. ReliabilityD. ValidityE. Ethics of researchF. Ethical experiments and concernsa. Stanley Milgramb. Philip ZimbardoOutline of Current Lecture II. Chapter 2: Scientific Study of People continued (again)A. Ethical guidelinesB. 3 types of researcha. Case studiesb. Correlational studiesc. Experimental studies C. Termsa. Research biasb. Random assortmentc. Single blind studyd. Double blind studye, Compounding/co-occurring factors III. Chapter 3A. Freud’s Psychodynamic/Pscyhoanalytic theoryThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.B. MechanisticC. VitalistsD. Developed free association E. 3 core ideasF. Psychoanalysis means ideas have mental energy stored within the mind- Anna O.a. Anna O.G. Hysterical symptomsH. Freud’s view of humansCurrent Lecture II. Chapter 2: Scientific Study of People continued (again)A. Ethical guidelines- are participants adversely impacted? What happens if someone is harmed, if anyone? Who benefits, if anyone? What are the research implications? Reporting research results and the possibility of fraud or errors?B. 3 types of researcha. Case studies- research done over a long period of time and with only a few individuals- The millionaire next door- 70% were self-made, drove American cars that were 3 to 5 years old, lived in modest houses, spent most of his free time with family/friends, involved in children’s livesb. Correlational studies- how 2 or more variables are related, how does one thing influence another- Has a correlation coefficient -1.0 and +1.0, 0+ no correlation- Nun study= correlational studyc. Experimental studies- attempting to determine a causal relationship between 2 factors- Ex: pharmaceutical research, body mass index/insulin resistance and hostilityC. Termsa. Research bias- especially in experimental, sometimes want to get the result they get, could be unaware- Teachers tend to be more bias towards male studentsb. Random assortment- randomly assort people to reduce biasc. Single blind study- subjects do not know if they are getting placebos or the realmedication but the doctors didd. Double blind study- the doctors and the patients don’t know who is getting the placebo or the real pill- Helps reduce biase. Compounding/co-occurring factors- things that could mess with our results III. Chapter 3A. Freud’s Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theory- Considered a guru in trying to understand human behaviorB. Mechanistic- life can be explained via biologic factors- In infancy, there are fundamental biological properties that scientists need to understand- Freud was a part of thisC. Vitalists- life arise from non-material forces- Ex: soul, spirit, inhabits a lifeless body- When you die, the force leaves the bodyD. Developed free association- patients led thoughts flow and attempt to find hidden meanings or themes among the thoughts- What are the words telling us?E. 3 core ideas1. there is a limited amount of energy and can be used up from area to area 2. energy can be blocked- energy can be blocked and expressed in the path of least resistance (all sex no cultural)3. the mind functions to achieve quiescence or homeostasis- hunger is a tension that is satisfied via foodF. Psychoanalysis means ideas have mental energy stored within the mind- Anna O.a. Anna O. –hysterical symptoms (disturbed motor or perceptual experiences) traced to an earlier traumatic event. Reducing this anxiety yields Catharsis (releasing and freeing emotions by talking out problems)G. Hysterical symptoms- conversion disorder (aka somatic disorder) where psychological distress manifests into physical problems- See someone puke and then you start puking H. Freud’s view of humans: sex and aggression are innate traits vs. people born “good”- People operate on the “pleasure principle”- want to reduce any tension and seek it out, want homelessness- People are already born erotic, selfish, seeking gratification- Society responds to this view of man by placing moralistic restrictions on