BIOl 1344 1nd Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I. Qualities of BloodA. pH and specific gravity of bloodB. viscosity of bloodC. Red blood cell countsII. Blood FunctionsA.TransportationB.RegulationOutline of Current Lecture III. Blood FunctionsA. Water RegulationB. HomeostasisC. ProtectionIV. Blood CompositionV. PlasmaVI. Erythrocytes – red blood cellsCurrent LectureBlood is important in water regulation. ADH is an anti-diuretic hormone in the blood which is necessary in order to regulate water levels in the body. If ADH is present, water is reabsorbed in the kidneys and urine is more concentrated with less volume. Aldesterone is another hormone in the blood which controls sodium retention which also regulates water levels. Homeostasis is the maintenance of regular functions in the body. Blood is necessary in order to maintain homeostasis of body temperature, water levels, electrolytes, and blood loss through clotting which is called hemostasis. Clotting normally takes place within 5-8 minutes from the start of bleeding. Blood protects the body by providing immunity through antibodies. These are called lymphocytes and there is type B and type T. Immunoglobulins are also used in the immunity process and these types are IgA, IgG, IgM, IgD, IgE. Neutrophils are white blood cells which mediate immune system responses to infectious pathogens.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Blood composition is 55% plasma which is fluid, 45% formed elements (of this 99% red blood cells, 1% white blood cells, and platelets), and 1% leukocrit which is the measure of leukocytes in the blood. Leukocytes increase in the body of someone who has leukemia. Plasma composition is 92% water, 7% proteins, and 1% mixture of glucose, sodium, potassium, free fatty acids, lipids, and non-protein-nitrogen (NPN). NPN is general name given to the components of urea, creatine, and uric acid. If urea levels become too high, this will result in renal (kidney) failure which is toxic and requires dialysis. Erythrocytes is another name for red blood cells. These make up 99% of all blood cells. They are anucleated which means that they lack cell nucleus. They have few ribosomes, no cell organelles, and have a short life span of 120 days. They are destroyed in the spleen at a rate of 3million
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