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UNC-Chapel Hill HIST 158 - The Renaissance

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HIST 158 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last LectureI. Science, Technology and Exploration (cont’d)a. New scienceb. Discovery and Exploration of the WorldOutline of Current LectureI. The Renaissancea. Crises in the 14th Centuryb. Age of Republicsc. HumanismCurrent LectureI. The Renaissancea. Crises in the 14th Centuryi. Famine- starting in 1315 and continuing until 1322  unusually wet spring/summers followed by a harsh winters1. Crops were destroyed and animals starved2. Overall lack of foodii. Plague- arrived in Europe in 1340s with Genoese galleys1. Carried by Italian merchants from China2. A third of Europe’s population was lostiii. Why did Italy recover so fast and become the heart of the Renaissance in the 11th century?1. Death rates were a little lower than the rest of Europe2. Merchants started venturing out to buy spices and modern products from the Middle Easta. Very dangerous treks to obtain these luxurious productsb. Italy was a central location for tradingc. In the 1250s small towns grew into commercial cities called communesb. Age of Republicsi. Emergence of new social classes with the new citiesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Popolo grasso- wealthy merchant and urbanized noble classesiii. Decline and revival of the Italian economy1. Central location between East and Westiv. Republicanism- elected council and assembly of the people. Served the interests of the leaders, not exactly a democracy.v. Popolo minuto- “small people”1. Growing gap between popolo minute and popolo grassoc. Humanismi. Definition and precursors1. “Humanism denotes an educational and cultural program based on the study of the classics and colored by the notion of human dignity.” –Grafton and Rice2. Back to the classics (Virgil and Augustine)a. Dante (1265-1331): “announced” the Renaissance, guelphs/gribbelines, exile, Divine Comedy, Virgil (who wrote the Iliad, in which Trojans fled and founded a new Rome)i. Instilled the idea that Rome is rising from the ashesb. Petrarch (1304-1374): “Ascent of Mont Ventoux”, known for his love poems and intense exploration of human personality and mindi. Augustine’s confessions (long path to Christianity)c. Machiavelli (1469-1527): once exiled, he had time to devote to the classicsi. Treated his books as fellow companions that he learned from and lived byii. Questioned why people do what they do and turned to the classics (great people of the past) for the


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