Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I. pKa strengths II. Keq reaction formula III. Resonance IV. Determining Acid Strength and Base Stability Outline of Current Lecture I. 5 classes of compoundsII. alkyl substituentIII. rules of alkanes IV. cycloalkanesCurrent Lecture 5 classes of compounds -alkanes (symbol -R)-alkyl halide (symbol –X)-ether (symbol R-O-R)-alcohol (symbol –OH) -amine(symbol –NH2)Alkyl substituentremoving a “H” from an alkane, results in an alkyl substituent… Replace “..ane” with “..yl” (Example: CH4 is methane…that means CH3- is methyl.)-Primary carbon-means its only attached to one other carbon -Secondary carbon-means its attached to two other carbons -Tertiary carbon- means its attached to three other carbonsRules of alkanes 1. Determine the number of carbons in the longest continuous carbon chain 2. The name of an alkyl substituent on the parent chain is placed in front of the named parent chain along with a number designated where the substituent is attached 3. If more than one substituent is present, the chain is numbered in the direction that will produce a name containing the lowest possible numbers. The substituents are listed in ABC order. If two or more substituents are the same number, the prefixes “di” “tri” and “tetra” are used. These prefixes are NOT considered when listing substituents in ABC order. 4. When numbering in either direction leads to the same lowest number for one of the substituents, the chain is numbered in the direction that gives the lowest possible number to one of the remaining substituents. 5. If thesame substituent numbers are obtained in both directions, the first group cited receives the lower number. Chem 233Cycloalkanes -alkanes with carbon atoms arranged in a ring (CnH2n) -The ring is the parent hydrocarbon unless there is a substituent with more carbon atoms. (if there is only one substituent on a ring, do not give that substituent a