Phil 252 Lecture 1 Outline of Current Lecture I. Ethics (Morals) definition II. Moral Compasses III. Standards for being a competent Moral judgeIV.Considered Moral Beliefs Current LectureI. Ethics: (Morals)a. The term Ethics and Morals are interchangeable b. The study of questions about good/bad, how we spend our lives, the choices we make about others and ourselves.i. The question “Is this the right thing to do?”II. Moral Compasses a. We must assume that everyone has a moral compass, be it God or nature or some other force that gave it to him or her. i. There is the argument of psychopaths and other bad people: were they born without a moral compass? Or is theirs just so twisted we cannot recognize it?b. When we think about ourselves we limit our ability to think morally because we are concerned for our own wellbeing. In order to think morally, you must put yourself aside and not include yourself when thinking of the benefits/negatives of something. i. Example: Political policies. When thinking about policies we tend to pick the ones that favor us personally, even at the extent of others.III. Standards for being a competent moral judge:a. While there are no real rules on how to make moral decisions, these are a few characteristics philosophers have found to be strong, good ways to make moral judgments. i. You must be sufficiently intelligent. ii. You must have adequate knowledge of the situation/topic you are thinking about. iii. You must be reasonable and be able to put aside how the issues will affect you. iv. You must be willing to engage and to deliberate on your moral capacities. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.v. You must be willing to put yourself in other people’s shoes. vi. You must be willing to give reasons for your moral judgments, other than, because I think so. b. By putting all of these to use you can be sure to make sound moral judgments. IV. Considered Moral Beliefs: a. Just like there are tips to help make moral judgments, there are ways to tell if your moral beliefs are sound and fair. i. You exercise your moral capabilities; you do not just ignore them. ii. You won’t be punished or benefit from your beliefs, they are yours alone. iii. You have carefully looked into the facts regarding both sides of the argument. iv. You are able to make up your mind with some confidence and without much hesitation.b. If you are able to follow these 4 steps, then you have been able to invest in a sound moral