SOA 106 1st Edition Lecture 3Outline of Last Lecture I. Origins of SociologyII. Key Figures in SociologyIII. Emile DurkheimOutline of Current Lecture II. Karl MarxIII. Marx's Analysis of CapitalismCurrent LectureKarl Marx (1818-1883)● Key Problem: understanding how the economic system affects society and its people● Key Concepts: historical materialism, class struggle, surplus value, false consciousness● Key Works: The Communist Manifesto (1848), Capitol (Vol.1-4)● Historical Materialism-- if you want to understand society, you must understand its economic arrangementsMarx’s Analysis of Capitalism● Key Features: private property -- any property that can be used for proactive purposes (profit)○ socialism- society owns the property○ capitalisms-- an individuals owns the property● predicted that private property would reach inhuman levels. People would make private property out of everything ( and we have)● Surplus Value● root cause of class conflict● controlled by owner in capitalism--money is not given back to the workers● you always produce more value than you are paid○ if you were paid your value there would be no surplus to invest○ all of society is infused from this● Class Conflict● There has never been a communist revolution (Marx thought there would be)● Bourgeoisie -- capitalist class● Proletariat -- working class● There is no middle class● Globalization knocks down our wages● Marx thought people would overthrow capitalism and private property○ in order to do that people would have had to overcome false consciousness in order to overthrow● False Consciousness-- when workers start to identify with the
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