PHY 102 1st EditionLecture 2Outline of Last LectureI. Basis of Scientific Knowledge v. FaithA. Examples of when human reasoning is limitedB. Examples of evidence of the earth spinning (Aristotle)II. What is necessary for knowledgea. Right reasonb. Quote from Blaise PascalIII. Fallacies in reasoning knowledgeOutline of Current Lecture IV. Celestial MotionsC. Sun Patternsa. Daytime skyb. Rotation of the earthD. EquinoxesE. Moon PatternsCurrent LectureI. Celestial Motionsa. Sun Patternsi. Daytime sky – noon (not necessarily 12:00) is when the sun is due south1. AM – ante meridiam – before the meridian2. PM – post meridiam – passes the meridianii. Rotation of the earth is NOT proven by the motion of the suniii. Sun does NOT rise due east or set due west every dayII. Equinoxesa. September 21 – first day of autumn for us, spring for southern hemisphere1. At noon its altitude is 50’2. 12 hours of daylight & 12 hours of darkness3. Equinox – every place has 12 hours day 12 hours night4. Sun is over the tropic of Capricornb. December 21 – first day of winter1. Sun rises almost southeast2. At noon its altitude is 26’3. 9 hours 20 minute sunlightThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.4. Seasons are NOT changed by the sun/earth distance – caused by the amount of sunlightc. March 21 – exact same pattern as September 21d. June 21 – first day of summer1. Sun rises almost in the northeast2. Midday elevation is 73’3. Sunset is almost in the northwest4. 15 hour sunlight, 9 hours darknessIII. Moon Patterns a. Moon moves westward like the sun but has an eastern motion as well – 13 degrees east each eveningb. Phases of the Mooni. New, crescent, half moon, gibbous, fullIV. Star Patternsa. Entire eastern skyline stars riseb. Stars are highest when on the meridianc. Entire western skyline stars setd. Stars in the northern sky stay almost still in the sky, and revolve around the northstar in a counter clockwise directioni. The North Star is at an angle equal to our latitude (so at 45’ latitude, the North Star is at 45’ altitudee. Sigma octentis – southern star that marks the south
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