AnnouncementsSpecies InteractionsCompetitionLearning ObjectivesBiogeography23_BIO130_0304143/04/2014Bio 130 TR 12:40-1:55p AnnouncementsBig Ideas writing assignmentOptional: Set up an appointment to go over exam 1 ASAPSpecies InteractionsA flycatcher sitting on top of the Capybara eats the insects the rodent stirs up. This is an example of Commensalism (+/0), where one species benefits and one species is unaffected. Fitness means reproductive output.CompetitionIntraspecificThe competition is within one specific species.Example: Sibling rivalry in laughing kookaburra. InterspecificThe competition between more than onespecies. Example: Lions and Hyenas. They willboth try to steal the othersfood. If there was nointerspecific competition.Competitive exclusion (Gauss)states that two species cannotoccupy the same ecological niche.The superior competitor will push out the otherspecies. The stronger competitor will always win. Forthe stronger competitor, their fundamental andrealized niche are the same. If the strongercompetitor is removed after a short amount of time, the weaker competitor will revert to its fundamental niche, but given enough time with a competitor, will evolve so they can only use the realized niche.Learning ObjectivesHarvey et al. 2011- What type(s) of species interaction(s) are occurring?- Draw a fundamental and realized niche for each species.- Predict what would happen to each species’ niche on an ecological time scale and evolutionary time scale.BiogeographyBiogeography is the study of organisms and how they are distributed geographically based on: Fitness Effect on Species 1Fitness Effect on Species 2- 0 +- CompetitionPredationHerbivoryParasitism0 Communalism+ Predation Communalism MutualismAbiotic factors, (physical conditions)Biotic factors, (species interactions)And dispersal ability. (Ability of individuals to move from place to place)Group ActivityHypothesis 1: Ecological (local and shorter time scale)Hypothesis 2: Biogeographical (global and longer time scale)Watch the video about