MUSC 200 Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. The Carter Family & Mountain Style ECMII. Jimmie Rodgers & Country Style ECMIII. 1930’sIV. Honky Tonk Country MusicV. TPA in the 1940’s & Big Band JazzOutline of Current Lecture VI. Rhythm & Bluesa. BMIb. New technologyVII. Jump Bluesa. Louis JordanVIII. Guitar Oriented Electric Blues Banda. T-Bone WalkerCurrent Lecture“Now That I Need You” by Doris Day; TPA 1940’s- Guitar & vibes standing in for reed & brass sections- Happy, smiley, upbeat songso Music industry thought this kind of tone in music was wanted by the public after WWIIRhythm & Blues- African American Influenceso African Americans moving from rural South  urban Northo 1940’s & 1950’s: growth in economy; African Americans had more $ to spend on music- WWII as “fight v. fascism”o African Americans had sacrificed many in the waro African Americans traveling to Europe…saw different treatment there Became dissatisfied with racial caste system in the U.S.- Gained a stronger sense of identity- African Americans lose interest in Big Band Jazzo Searching for a new style of music that was again exclusively African American Trying to establish a stronger identity- New style of jazz: bebopo Au Van Guardo Jazz + African American influences & direction Fun, accessible, stronger sense of African American identityo Updated rural blues sound  But grounded in the Blues Electric sounds, strong backbeat, more danceable, newer & more applicable themes- BMI: Broadcast Music Internationalo New space (time to fill) for African American music on the radioo Alternative to ASCAP (spent less $)o BMI represented musicians’ interests with radio*Boycott—ended after 10 months; non-ASCAP-represented artists made it onto the radio (read more about this in the book—he said we didn’t have time to get into it in class)- New technologyo Capital investments for record production  big (as opposed to small & independent) publisherso Magnetic tapeso Playing recordso Transistors (cheaper)o TV (1950’s) Radio loses some of its importance- Radio drama  TV drama shows Killed radio comedy & drama Radio started playing more local music- New R&B disks- Small labels developed in many citieso Grounded in local musico Distributing black vinyl records Less fragile, lighter weight records- Cheaper transport- 4 tendencies of pop music, post WWIo We will discuss 2 of these before the 1st exam- Race Music & Hillbilly Music  R&B and Country Musico Tolerance; progresso Explosion in musical growthJump Blues (Tendency #1)- Originated in Kansas City- Bands consisted of 5, 6, or 7 instruments; small rhythm section- Back beat has a huge influence- Overblown saxophone with raspy tambour- Sexier songs- Emerges as stripped down, Blues-oriented big band music“Sent for You Yesterday” by Jimmy Rushing; Jump Blues- Louis Jordano Tiffany 6  7o Small ensemble“Choo Choo Chooboogie” by Louis Jordan; Jump Blues- The TEMPLATE for Jump Blues- Piano riff- Verses: 12 Bar Blues Form- Walking bass throughout track & just a couple brass & reed instruments- Poetic styles…expression of African American identityo Precursor to hip hop- Melodies are boogie woogie piano melodies- Saxophone soloo Tambour: tone quality (smooth v. rough)o Raspy sound from “overblowing” saxophoneo Solo is built on riffs: short rhythmic or melodic ideas that emphasize rhythm Built around short ideas- Verse chorus form!“Wild, Wild Young Man” by Ruth Brown; Jump Blues- Bass part like boogie woogie bassline- Strong vocals & powerful backbeats- Riff-oriented tracko Same riff repeated several times throughout the song“Shake, Rattle, & Roll” by Big Joe Turner; Jump Blues- Strong emphasis on 2nd & 4th beats (backbeat)o Like a shotgun going off- Walking bass (1st & 3rd beats)- Boogie woogie influence is clear- Sexism presentGuitar Oriented Electric Blues Band (Tendency #2)- Electric guitar allows for broader display of emotionso Notes can ring out moreo Easier to produce complex sounds & long, flowing melodies- T-Bone Walker helped to define the electric blueso Electric guitar up front Helped find electric guitar sound at this time Flowing lines Roots in the Blues“Early Morning” by B.B. King- Like a Jump Blues band- Bent notes, hammer on’s, pull off’so Smooth flowing melodieso Sophisticated- B.B. King – big influence with the electric