HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Last Lecture PROGRESSIVES AND POLITICIANS Theodore Roosevelt the first Progressive President Arbitrating disputes between labor and industry Trustbusting Industrial regulation Conservation The Election of 1912 Taft vs Roosevelt Roosevelt and the Progressive Party Woodrow Wilson Eugene V Debs Woodrow Wilson s New Freedom AMERICAN IMPERIALISM The White Man s Burden Changing Ideas of Empire Hawaii The Spanish American War Cuba The Philippines Policing the Hemisphere Big Stick Diplomacy Panama Canal 1903 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Taft and Dollar Diplomacy Wilson and Practical Idealism The Mexican Revolution Outline of Current Lecture First we ll finish up the lecture on American Imperialism We will try to quickly do the portion of the outline in red LECTURE OUTLINE FOR AMERICAN IMPERIALISM The White Man s Burden Changing Ideas of Empire Hawaii The Spanish American War Cuba The Philippines Policing the Hemisphere Big Stick Diplomacy Panama Canal 1903 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Taft and Dollar Diplomacy Wilson and Practical Idealism The Mexican Revolution Then we ll move on to the lecture on the Great War and hopefully get through all of the below LECTURE OUTLINE FOR THE GREAT WAR War in Europe beginning in 1914 Shaky Alliances the Catalyst for War Developments in Warfare Trench Warfare combined with New Technology Submarine Warfare The Sinking of the Lusitania U S Neutrality June 1914 April 1917 Focus on Progressive Reforms at Home Despite American Imperialism United States still essentially Isolationist Different Reasons for Isolationism Interventionist Minority Preparedness The United States at War April 1917 November 1918 The Zimmerman Telegram the Declaration of War Mobilizing the Home Front Selective Service Act The Committee on Public Information Other New Federal Agencies Volunteerism Progressives at War Paying for the War U S Military Involvement and the Allied Victory An Uneasy Peace Wilson and the Fourteen Points Legacies of the War Current Lecture LECTURE OUTLINE FOR AMERICAN IMPERIALISM 1 The White Man s Burden Changing Ideas of Empire a Hawaii 2 The Spanish American War a Cuba b The Philippines 3 Policing the Hemisphere a Big Stick Diplomacy i ii iii iv Military strength to spread American value and influence Wanted to US to expand its markets and gain from that Speak softly and carry a big stick Would start with peaceful negotiation with other countries but would always be backed up my military force 1 One way or another we will get what we want b Panama Canal 1903 i Need was solely for economic before Spanish American war ii After military reasons were added 1 Getting troops and supplies to new military bases iii Nicaragua was best place as it was cheaper but US opted for Columbian sight 1 Would ve been by an active volcano 2 French company had started canal in Panama but ran out of money a They bribed congress for votes and gave money to Roosevelt s campaign to buy up the company s rights to the canal 3 US bartered with Columbian government a 10 million upfront then a yearly payment after b Columbia refuses treaty i Big stick time c US paid off Panamanian officers to revolt d Sent battleship to block off Columbian troops e Columbia gives Panama independence 40 mins after revolution declared f Panama signs treaty with US c Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine i Monroe Doctrine 1823 1 Called for end of European colonization in the western hemisphere ii Roosevelt Corollary 1905 1 US has unilateral right to intervene in the affairs of Latin America a Were afraid the Germans were going to try colonize western hemisphere 2 US declares international police power and was prepared to ensure that all Western nations act in a civilized manner a Said US was not land hungry but only trying to protect itself b If nation refused to act civilized US would intervene to protect its interest 3 Lead the US into the Dominican Republic Cuba and Nicaragua Haiti etc iii Instability in Latin America lead to more US military intervention 1 Governments in Latin America were often corrupt and ignored political and economic woes of people 2 This would lead to revolts to which the US would have to intervene 3 Lead to repeated revolts on larger scales d Taft and Dollar Diplomacy i Using business investment in countries over military control ii Dollars over bullets iii Would help build up nation railroads roads etc in exchange for investments in US business and alliances iv Would still have to send in troops to protect so wasn t extremely successful e Wilson and Practical Idealism i Practical Idealism 1 US had responsibility to spread democracy and Christian civilization 2 Knew US needed foreign markets for industry to expand and thrive 3 Believed the US could dominate world economy through trade ii The Mexican Revolution 1910 1920 1 After New Regime was overthrown Wilson threw support behind whatever leader he thought would be most sensitive to US business investment 2 Authorized Naval invasion of Mexico 3 Sent General John J Pershing and 15 thousand troops into Mexico to take down the rebels and their leader Pancho Villa a Almost resulted in full scale war with Mexico but Wilson knew this would be a distraction from World War 1 Then we ll move on to the lecture on the Great War and hopefully get through all of the below LECTURE OUTLINE FOR THE GREAT WAR WAS THE WAR PART OF THE PROGRESSIVE ERA OR WAS IT A DEPARTURE WHAT PARTS OF PROGRESSIVISM CONTINUED OR GREW STRONGER DURING THESE YEARS 1 War in Europe beginning in 1914 a Shaky Alliances the Catalyst for War i Triple Alliance ii Central Powers iii Catalyst 1 Gavrilo Princip shoots Archduke Franz Ferdinand June 28 1914 2 Germany at this point was pushing for war a Pushed Austria Hungary to retaliate against Serbia because of assassination b Serbia calls on Russia for help which gets France and Great Britain involved b Developments in Warfare i Trench Warfare combined with New Technology 1 When British and France faced off against Germany they prepared for long warfare so they dug trenches a These weren t new but the scale of them was 2 Combined with chemical warfare and heavy machine guns these became completely deadly 3 Causalities were incredible high on both sides a By the time America gets involved over 5 million troops had died with little ground being gained stalemate ii Submarine Warfare 1 New type of warfare 2 Britain blockades Germany causing troops to starve