History 1000Exam # 3 Study GuideHistory 1100Final Study GuideI. Identify four of the following terms and give the significance as discussed in lecture.Slave power- The republican powers idea. People who owned slaves had more power within the government. Not only were slaves oppressed but women, children, and men who didn’t own slaves. David Walker- African American abolitionist and anti-slavery activist. Wrote the Appeal to the citizens of the world in 1829. It was a document for the abolitionists. It basically talked about how he believed that the slaves in the south should revolt and the free slaves in the north should help. It made the slave owners in the south REALLY scared.George Fitzhugh- Southern writer. Wrote books supporting the south and attacking the north. One of which was “Cannibals All”. He thought the people in the north treated the slaves poorly by overworking them for little to no pay. Whereas in the south he thought they practiced“paternal care” where the slaves were thought of as being taking care of and treated well. Used sociology to explain that slaves need owners. Used paternalism - where slave owners were taking care of their slaves and caring for their well-being.Interregional Slave Trade- Trade between the old south and the new south. They separated slave families. They were moving all the men to the new south and leaving the woman and children behind in the old south- Slaves were inclined to stay on their plantation because of their families. When the males were being moved to the new south, away from their families, the inclination because irrelevant. Slaves lost any reason to not run away.Hiring Out/Living Out- Hiring out = Slave owners hired out their slaves to other workers who were willing to payfor help- Living out = Slave owners no longer had room in their house to shelter their slaves so theslaves were getting there own houseHarriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin- Harriet Beecher Stowe is the Author of Uncle Tom’s cabin. She gave new reason through her book to unite abolitionists and make non-abolitionists believe that slaves should be free. - Made the South angry because it was a public representation of how their slaves were treated and it showed the cruelty of the masters and how inhumane these people were being treated. Was one of the factors of Restrictive Legislation from the South. Edmund Ruffin, Agricultural Reform Movement- Ruffin was a wealthy plantation owner and slaveholder. He advocated states’ rights, secession, and slavery. Specifically, he aided the Southern economy by proposing new and ingenious ways to rotate and fertilize tobacco crops such that fields could be used over and over to grow the valuable plant. However, his advice on the value of marl was not widely followed, and in an 1852 address he warned planters that not paying attention to their soil could lead to ruin.Problem in the Old South – tobacco ruined the soil and they need to help renew the soil so they can continue growing crops.Liberty Party, 1839- The Liberty party was formed in 1839 from the combination of abolitionist and women's right supporters. They were mostly abolitionist and ministers They put aside their radicalviews of equal rights for all in order to accomplish their greater goal. They believed the north should succeed from the union because the country was built on slavery.Know Nothings- Urban working class, hated immigrantsFree Soil Party, 1848- Small farmers. They didn't not want to compete with large plantations. They were for containment of slavery. With the Louisiana purchase, there was land to explorePopular Sovereignty- A doctrine rooted in the belief that every human being is sovereign, and rather than a monarch or single individual, that they could unite and each delegate a small portion of their sovereign powers and duties to those who wished to temporarily serve as officersand employees of a state, who would then serve the rest of the people according to the will of the people expressed via a constitution and democratic process.Republican Party, 1854Bleeding Kansas, 1855- AKA the Border War, which was a series of violent political confrontations in the United States involving anti-slavery Free-Staters and pro-slavery "Border Ruffian" elements, thattook place in the Kansas Territory and the neighboring towns of the state of Missouri between 1854 and 1861.(Harriet and) Dred Scott Case, 1857- Dred Scott and his wife moved from a slave holding state to a free state with their master. Under the pressure of his wife, he filed a suit arguing that he should be free since he lived in a free territory. Justice Roger B. Taney said they were not considered to be citizens under the constitution. - Showed there was an issue with the idea of having some free states and some not. The ruling states that slaves are property and the government has the obligation to protect its citizens property. Citizens have the right to securely take their property wherever theygo. It invalidated the Missouri Compromise of 1850 by saying that congress does not have the power to bar slavery.Harper’s Ferry, 1859- A historic town in Jefferson County, West Virginia. Known for John Brown’s raid on the Armory in 1859 and its role in the American Civil War. Radical abolitionist John Brown led a group of 21 men in a raid on the arsenal. Five of the men were African American. During this time assisting fugitive slaves was illegal under the Fugitive Slave Act. Brown attacked and captured several buildings; he hoped to use the captured weapons toinitiate a slave uprising throughout the South. The first shot fired awoke Dr. John Starry from his sleep and he went to investigate the shooting and he alerted residents of the raid. Brown and his men took refuge in the engine house. After fighting with the marinesBrown was captured and tried for treason.- Brown captured the attention of the nation like no other abolitionist or slave owner before. The raid was a catalyst for the Civil War.Election of Lincoln, 1860- The democratic party split.- Lincoln was elected even though he did not have the majority vote. This was the first time there was a distinctive split between the North and the South politically. It also showed to the South that they were starting to lack power, because all of the South voted against Lincoln and all of the North voted for Lincoln and even with that the South could not keep Lincoln out of