HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 8 Outline of Last Lecture OUTLINE FOR THE LECTURE ON THE PROGRESSIVE ERA Who Were the Progressives What beliefs did Progressives share Who promoted Progressivism What problems did Progressives want to fix Who were the Progressives Progressives and Politicians Theodore Roosevelt the first Progressive President Arbitrating disputes between labor and industry Trustbusting Industrial regulation Conservation The Election of 1912 Taft vs Roosevelt Roosevelt and the Progressive Party Woodrow Wilson Eugene V Debs Woodrow Wilson s New Freedom We may not get to everything if we don t we ll finish talking about the Progressives at the beginning of next Tuesday s class Outline of Current Lecture OUTLINE FOR THE LECTURE ON PROGRESSIVES AND POLITICIANS Theodore Roosevelt the first Progressive President Arbitrating disputes between labor and industry Trustbusting Industrial regulation Conservation The Election of 1912 Taft vs Roosevelt Roosevelt and the Progressive Party Woodrow Wilson Eugene V Debs Woodrow Wilson s New Freedom Then we ll move on to the lecture on American Imperialism OUTLINE FOR THE LECTURE ON AMERICAN IMPERIALISM The White Man s Burden Changing Ideas of Empire Hawaii The Spanish American War Cuba The Philippines Policing the Hemisphere Big Stick Diplomacy Panama Canal 1903 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Taft and Dollar Diplomacy Wilson and Practical Idealism The Mexican Revolution Current Lecture 1 Election of 1912 a Taft vs Roosevelt i Taft s leadership divides republican party ii Roosevelt is on safari during Taft s presidency and starts receiving letters from progressives that Taft was not following Roosevelt s old plans 1 Returns home in 1910 to directly challenge Taft in 1912 election iii Traditional Republican party selects Taft b Roosevelt and the progressive party i Wanted regulations and a lot of government involvement ii Progressive republican party nominates Roosevelt and takes on New Nationalism 1 Women suffrage 2 8 hour workday 3 Prohibition of child labor 4 Minimum wage 5 Stricter corporate regulation c Woodrow Wilson i Democrats see split republican party as a chance to win presidency for first time in 20 years 1 Nominate Woodrow Wilson 2 Expresses independence from main stream party politics 3 Saw Roosevelt as main competitor and said he was the actual progressive a New Freedom d Eugene V Debs i Socialist nominee for 1912 election ii Appealed to urban voters and immigrants iii More than 100k members by election 1 Government regulation of banking and industry 2 Minimum wage and shorter hours 3 Department of education 4 Government office of health 5 Women s suffrage 2 Woodrow Wilson s New Freedom a Wanted i Economic opportunity ii Individualism iii States Rights iv Banking Reform b Under Wilson i Underwood Simmons Act 1913 income tax on richest 5 ii Federal Reserve Act 1913 reconstructed federal banking systemreduced power of large private banks and put federal government more in charge iii Clayton Anti trust Act 1914 replaces Sherman Anti trust Act shows influence of labor unions courts couldn t issue injunctions against the right to strike Unions get more power iv Federal Trade Commission 1914 regulates business without having to go through trust busting c He was a white racist southerner i Saw the segregation of the capitol ii African Americans had voted for him because pre election he promised to be sensitive to black s rights iii Saw that all job applications came with a picture so that they weren t given to blacks 3 Progressivism in National Politics a Federal government grows and plays a bigger role in people s lives than before b National Progressivism serves some causes and constituencies more than others i Economic regulation consumer safety middle class values ii But not immigrant concerns or civil rights iii Responds to the campaigns of interest groups c Wanted to bring order and progress to the rest of the world as well AMERICAN IMPERIALISM 1 The White Man s Burden Changing Ideas of Empire a Since white man was superior it was their responsibility to civilize other countries i Democracy ii Christianity b American s wanted Imperialism i Belief in racial and cultural superiority ii Religion Christianize the world iii Politics democratize the world iv Economics New Markets v Strategy Control of the oceans 1 Oceans were strategic highways for the world 2 Alfred Mahan writes The Influence of Sea Power Upon History in favor of US control of the oceans 3 Needed to have bases and ports in both oceans 4 Colonies in both as well c Hawaii i Serves as early test in American Imperialism ii Had previously sent missionaries to promote and spread Christianity iii US dominates sugar trade in Hawaii iv These massive influx of Americans devastate traditional Hawaiian culture and economic independence v Mahan argues that US needs a naval base in Hawaii for expanding navy 1 Treaty allows Pearl Harbor to be built vi New power Queen Liluokalani 1 Puts restrictions on American power in Hawaii 2 US sends troops to overthrow Queen and set up new government 3 Hawaii becomes protectorate vii 1898 Hawaii annexed into US 2 The Spanish American War a Cuba i Fought for independence from Spain 1895 1898 ii McKinnely publicly announces that US did not want to take Cuba but did want o help without military force them gain independence iii Red flags that McKinnely s word may not be true 1 Battleships began being fitted with metal armor iv Yellow Journalism appears 1 Newspapers stop caring about producing news and more about attracting readership 2 Made up stories that would get people to want to read 3 Encouraged US involvement in War 4 Produced sensationalized stories about Spanish attacks in Cuba that weren t true 5 Portrayed Cuba as damsel in distress v Sinking of USS Maine Feb 15 1898 1 Was in harbor to rescue some Cubans 2 Explosion probably from problems inside the ship but yellow journalist blame the explosion on Spain 3 Fueled public outrage and support of the war and basically forced Mckinnely to ask congress to declare war against Spain vi Congress barely passes resolution and only does so because of clause that promises US wouln t try to establish control of Spanish colonies after war 1 Called for 125 000 volunteers 2 Men seeking to enlist overwhelm capitol 3 Former Union and Confederate soldiers fight together 4 Women join the cause by raising money for food and medical supplies 5 Blacks see the opportunity to show patriotism a