UGC 112 1st Edition Lecture 21Outline of Current Lecture I. Main PointsII. ‘Inevitability in History’a. Propagandab. Hitler’s BackgroundIII. How to Grab and Hold Powera. Build Opportunityb. Create Opportunityc. Build Climate of Feard. Get Popular SupportIV. WWII EruptsV. Devastation of WarVI. Alternative Methods of Gene Regulation at the Transcriptional Level (Quorum Sensing and the Two- Component System)VII.Methods of Gene Regulation at the Translational LevelVIII. Introduction to MutationsCurrent LectureReordering the 20th Century World, 2Main Points WWII ended Europe’s dominance in world Cold War could begin Anti-colonialism strengthenedEach side became involved with more and more military escalationMorning greeting:Grus Gott!—“Greet the Lord”Austria/Southern GermanyBavaria with its capital at MunichThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Hitler was born in the ‘Inevitability’ in historyPropagandaNot going to be a map on final exam but there will be a poster and find indirect/direct messagesconveyed by it Hammer and sickle—sign of communist party and soviet union, writing is Hebrew. The writing says “the eternal Jew,” the picture displays Jew with a beard, gold…Jews were forbidden to own land. They were essential in banking and trade and so forth. This is caricature and degradation of a particular group- Hitler’s backgroundHe was the 4th of 6 kids. He was unquestionably abused by his father who beat himFour of his siblings died, he didn’t do well in schoolWhen he was 16, he moved to Vienna (the capital of the Austro-Hungarian empire). Was a city ripe with anti-Semitism. When Hitler arrived there, he lived in a shelter for homeless men. He wanted to study architecture and the best he could do was illustrate poster cards.- His Personal Views1. He was a rabid anti-Semite, strongly opposed to Jews. He saw them as a race. Yet Jews were most highly assimilated in Germany and Austria2. He was a devout militarist, war could solve anything in his minda. He was a trench runner- NSDAP formationEarly 20s he formed the Nazi party, national socialist German party. Nationalist-socialist were very cozy with big capitalists, it worked for itself, not workers. - A Punitive treaty b. Wanted Germany to renounce the Versailles Treatyc. It was impossible for Germany to pay the reparations. - Putschjail, book. This word is like coup d’etat. While he was in jail, he wrote Mein Kampf (“My struggle”) while he was in jail. The German National Song—Deutschlandlied– Outside the boundaries of Germany…Meuse (River that starts in France and goes up through Belgium)– Memel– Adige (Northern Italy)– BeltExpression of nationalism…here we have Germans living outside our territory and we should recognize them. It was a concept that spread beyond straight geographyHow to Grab and Hold PowerFour things1. Build on opportunityVersailles Treaty—universally aided. Occupation of Rhineland, most productive area1820s there was incredible inflation. One billion marks for a postage stamp. People were paid everyday. People were unemployed. When the Nazis were elected to power, they immediately started a program for public works. They developed things. People were back at work and finallyfeeling pride. Don’t underestimate that, opportunity was seized2. Create Opportunitya. Nazi party was most popular at that time. Hitler was asked to become the prime minister. Reichstag passed the Enabling Acts that said all the power is given to Hitler. Dictator rules…followed by a whole series of other laws. Led to the elimination of Jewish enterprise, burning of books etc. 3. Build climate of feara. Major concentration camps…gays lesbians, communists, Jews… many were killed without trial. b. Anne Frank ended up dying in concentration camp4. Get popular supporta. Germany supported Hitler World War II Erupts– When did it start? The precipitating event….September 1st 1939. US doesn’t get involved.1941 pearl harbor… in china it started 1937 or 1931… there are four different dates. Russian? Operation of Barbarossa—biggest operation of the war itself. Invasion along the front of 1800 miles. That 600,000 motor vehicles and a lot of horses as well. Incredible number of troops.– Invasions, Asia and Europe. Started with Japan 1931, then Italy 1936 vs. Ethiopia, 1937 japan, Germans and Russians invade Poland 1939 and 1– French had learned from WWI, they didn’t have good defenses before. They built, at the cost of billions of dollars, all along the boundary…national line didn’t go oStalin came from Georgia and Hitler came from Austria. Yet they were leaders of incredibly organized partiesDutch people—for your honor and conscience, stand up. The struggle against Bolshevism. Dutchare really peaceful. The day when Germany surrendered—everything in the country stops for a couple minutes. Saying the superior races should struggle together. “Nordmenn” Nordich—codeword for Aryan/white/protestant/catholic. Devastations of WarStalingradGerman troops did not have adequate equipment.400,000 German troops surrendered. With that turning point, the balance started to shift. Americans came in late. WWII Deaths—study this chart! Shows who died in WWII. Note distinction between civilizan and military deaths. It was a war between armies (mostly) and navies. It was a war of ATTRITION. WWII was a war of blitzkrieg, of MOVEMENT. Until there were confrontations. WWIIinvolved air forces, navies, submarines, secret weapons83 percent came from allied military and allied civilians. Amphibious warfare, involved island hopping, American troops encountered resistance they hadnever met before. Men who faced them felt strongly about the honor of dying for their country, they willingly chose deathInvasion of china—Korea and Taiwan had been annexed. Yuan Jung army of Japan started to move into the rest of China starting in 1937. Why this name for a Japanese army? The Pacific TheaterWhy Strike Frist? First strike by Japan because they felt they would gain a strategix advantage. The strike of pearl harbor awakened US from a long sleep. They were ready to lash out, retaliate. Country attacked and didn’t declare war first. Nature of Conflict—wasn’t blitzkrieg on land,WWII Stem TimelineMajor developments of WWII—science and technology. Jet