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TAMU HIST 106 - The American War in Vietnam
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HIST 106 1nd Edition Lecture 23Outline of Last LectureI. CIA Agent Speech: Dr. OlsenOutline of Current Lecture I. The American War in VietnamCurrent Lecture- Ho Chi Minho Leader of North Viet Namo A Nationalist o A Communistso Versailles in 1919- Post WWII Viet Namo Japanese invaded Vietnamo Ho Chi Mihn says we are going to declare Vietnam an independent countryo Truman ignores Ho Chi Minh’s telegramo French reestablish colonial control o U.S support for the Frencho Importance of Europe (NATO)o Dien Bien Phu (1954) French are defeated and are officially out of Indochinao Geneva Accords (1954) Independent Laos and Cambodia Viet Nam divided at the 17th parallel with the intent of elections and reunification in 1956 U.S and South Viet Nam did not sign - Containmento Eisenhower and Viet Nam (1950’s) He believed in the Domino Theory: if we lose one country to communism, the rest will follow Military advisers for RVN- 2,000- They are there to teach S. Vietnamese forces tactics Premier Ngo Dinh DiemThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- The man the U.S. was backing up- He is screwing up- Catholic, nationalist- Suppressed Communists- Suppressed Buddhists- 1960 Electiono John F. Kennedy Democrat Catholic- Kennedy and Vietnamo Diem failed to enact social and economic reformso Buddhist are demonstrated in the citieso Kennedy ups the number of advisers in Vietnam to 16,000o Diem overthrown, is murdered- John Kennedy is assassinated o November 22, 1963- Johnson’s Waro The war in Vietnam is considered “Johnson’s War”o Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Some Vietnamese patrol boats fired on a US ship Johnson starts the bombing of North Vietnam “Rolling Thunder”o Employment of Ground Forces He wanted more than just advisors in Vietnam North Vietnamese army (Vietcong) starts engaging US marine units- Battle of the Ia Drango WHAM Winning the Hearts and Minds of the Vietnamese Peopleo Gen. William Westmoreland War of attrition Search and destroy Supporting arms- U.S. Sentiment Turnso 85% of College students thought it was a good idea to get involved in Vietnam waro At first, support was wide and deepo By 1967, 13,000 Americans killed.o Summer of love in San Francisco (1967) Kids in San Francisco wanted to get high and laid Make love not war- 1968 Tet Offensiveo Coordinated VS and NVA attackso They attack Saigon and provincial capitalso Attack on U.S. embassy (failed)o Hue seized o For the VC and NVA It is a military disaster Psychologically it was a victoryo In the US How did this happen? Weren’t we winning?- 1968 Electiono Johnson declined to run for electiono Robert Kennedy (JFK’s little brother He campaigns on a peace platform Was assassinatedo Hubert Humphrey vs.o Richard M. Nixon V.P. under Eisenhower Defeated by Kennedy in 1960 His position: “Peace with honor”- Nixon and Vietnamo Starts Paris peace talkso Increased bombingo “Vietnamization”: backing out of Vietnam and letting South Vietnamese fight it themselveso My Lai massacre became public in 1969 Some US army units went into My Lai and killed 300-400 defenseless peopleo Cambodian “incursion” in 1970o Kent State University shooting in 1970o Nixon gets the Pentagon papers in 1971 Saying it doesn’t look like we can win this


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