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SC POLI 365 - Local Governments and Municipalities

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POLI 365 1nd Edition Lecture 16 Outline of Current Lecture I. Types of Local/County Government StructureII. MunicipalitiesIII. Structure of Municipal GovernmentsIV. Single Purpose GovernmentsV. Tiebout Model VI. Metropolitan AreasCurrent LectureI. Types of Local/County Government Structure a. Traditional Structure i. County Voters Elect:1. County clerk, treasurer, coroner, prosecutor, sheriff, tax assessor, Board of County Commissioners ii. The Board of County Commissioners Appoints:1. Other department heads and boards including: Public works, Transportation, Health, Social services, Administrative services b. Council- Executive Plan i. Country Voters Elect: 1. Council and elected chief executive 2. Country Board of Commissioners ii. County executive (chief executive) can appoint department heads for: county offices. Executives have power to veto board policy. c. Council-Administrator Plan i. County Voters Elect:1. County Board of Commissioners who appoints and delegates certain executive and legislative functions to: the County Executive2. The County Executive then oversees the functioning of county offices. Executives don’t have much power over policy. The CountyThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Executive is considered to be a qualified professional who is hired for the job. II. Municipalities a. Incorporationi. Legal recognition of settlement patterns in an area. People are governed by state and local governments as well as municipal governments. The state has the right to grant these charters to create municipalities based on: 1. Population requirements 2. Referendum- citizens vote on whether they want to be governed by a municipality ii. The charter grants the municipality to collect taxes and elect officials iii. There is more home rule in municipalities than in county governments III. City Structure of Municipalities a. Mayor-Council Form i. Elected City Council ii. Elected Mayor (just because you have a mayor doesn’t mean the mayor has much formal power) there can be a strong mayor form (mayor has power to veto etc.) or a weak mayor form (mayor is just a symbol of the city) b. Council-Manager Formi. Elected City Council ii. Higher Chief Executive who is hired by the council c. Hybridi. Some cities choose to have an elected council, an elected mayor, and a hired administrator d. City Commission Form i. Elected City Council that also serves the executive functions IV. Single (Special) Purpose Governments a. Special districts i. Water and sewer districts ii. Fire, housing, education and social services, sanitation, transportation etc.b. Special (Single) Purpose Governments are created in 3 Ways:i. States create them via legislationii. Can be created by general purpose government iii. Citizens can petition and referendum c. Taxing v. Non Taxing V. The Tiebout Model a. Local governments provide different public goods and services at different costs. Therefore, people can be considered consumers of public services and goods. The result of this is that people are critical consumers. They can shop around andpick the best level of services/taxes for them. People will force governments to compete for them. b. Assumptions of Tiebout Model:i. People are mobile ii. People have a high level of political knowledgeiii. People are wealthy enough to move “shop” aroundVI. Metropolitan Areaa. A metropolitan area is a: city of 50k or more people with adjacent counties that have predominantly urban populations with close ties to the central city. As of 2000, there are over 2k metropolitan areas. The largest of these are the NY area, LA area, Chicago area. b. Characteristics of Metropolitan Areas:i. Populous/higher population densityii. Extremely diverse socially, ethnically, industrially, economically & politicallyiii. Socially and economically dependent on each


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