University of Wisconsin at Madison Introduction to Human Geography Geography 101 Study Guide Exam One The outline below lists the most important themes concepts and terms from both lecture and the readings I will use this outline as I write questions for the exam Please note that not everything listed below will appear on the exam We ve covered a lot of material I have included clarifying statements for what I feel are the most complicated parts of the course For the question and answer portion of the exam the terms or concepts listed below may appear in a question or in a multiple choice true false or matching response Essay questions will ask you to expound on a theme or concept listed below Essays should cite passages and examples from lecture or readings The exam is open notes Although you may consult your notes from lecture and the readings while taking the exam please remember that the exam is timed You will not have time to consult your notes for more than a handful of questions I strongly recommend that you organize and review your notes so that you may consult them efficiently I am posting this study guide as Word file so that you may use it to organize your notes You should do well on the exam if you can explain the themes concepts and terms below in your own words and link them to examples and ideas presented in lecture or from the readings I Space Place and Landscape Space Social Relations Social Structure Social Spatial Dialectic The Efficacy of Systems In the Sense of Systems Theory and Complexity Science Dimensions of Space in Human Geography with Examples o Initial Conditions o Emergent Properties o Absolute or Cartesian o Relative or Relational o Social o Economic Page 1 of 12 o Political o Cultural o Phenomenological Shared Conceptions of Space between Human Geographers and Physical and Natural Scientists after Einstein and von Bertalanffy Contrasting Conceptions of Space between Cortez and the Aztec Triple Alliance o Space vs Spacetime o Absolute or Cartesian vs Cosmographic o One Dimensional vs Layered Stratified Worlds o Space as Passive Container vs Space as Dynamic and Unfolding Significance of Aztec Triple Alliance Geographies in Modern Mexico o Aztec Gods as Gargoyles on Christian Churches Resistance o Aztec Chinampas and Modern Tourism Tourism Heritage Commodification o Aztec World Views in D a de los Muertos Day of the Dead Altars Syncretism Place o Location o Locale Geographic Personality A unique assemblage of Nature Culture Social Relations o Sense of Place Components include Topophillia Place Attachment Symbolically Constituted Placelessness Landscape Origins of Landscape Concept Critiques of Landscape Concept Lewis Landscape Axions o Landscape Components Reflect and Shape Culture o Influence of History o Influence of Location o Influence of Physical Geography o Difficulties of Seeing and Sensing o Highlights Selected Meanings While Obscuring Others Mitchell Landscape Axioms o Landscape is Produced Page 2 of 12 o Landscape is was Functional o No Landscape is Local Modern World System o History Matters o Landscape is Power o Landscape is the special form social justice takes Ingold s Temporality of Landscape o Mobility within a landscape places the observer within the world and thus transcends the binaries of an inner mental world outer physical world as well as a view from somewhere a view from nowhere inherent to the definition of landscape eg a selected view from a vantage point Similarities and Differences between the concepts of space place and landscape II Everyday Geographies Time Space Geography Hagerstrand o Anchors o Space Time Paths o Bundles o Space Time Prism o Projects o Constraints o Explicit Rules o Implicit Rules o Justifications for Rules o Challenges to Rules o Reasons for Changing Rules Over Time ageing shifting task and routines objects accumulate or disappear rules are renegotiated technological innovation How home rules structure our identities social relations and social lives Rules Public Spaces within a Home eg Living Room TV Room and the Reproduction of Social and Cultural Norms o Socialization expected behaviors in a public space o Memory and Mementos selective valuation o Hosting Entertaining Celebrations manners expectations selective valuation Home Rules and the Production of Space ala Massey Page 3 of 12 The Significance of Porch Lights for Social and Cultural Reproduction o Under Construction o Social Relations o Local and Global Linkages o Power Relations o Multiplicity o Safety o Hospitality o Community Membership o Signifies Status o Production of Space o Local Global Linkages Habitas Significance of Walking Mobility o Mental Maps of the World o Shapes and Reflects Our Habitas o Recursive Creation of Meaning and Social Life o Dwelling to Be within the World sensu de Certeau and Ingold o Resistance sensu de Certeau in New York City Home Rules and Their Affect on Children s Mental Maps of the World Home Rules Gender Pathways of Everyday Life Work and the Production of Space in the Kabyle House o Women and Private Space within the Home but associated with Kitchen living room and other spaces of socialization and production within the home Creative Acts with a group crafts storytelling cooking Social and Cultural Reproduction within a Private Space o Men and Public Space Outside the Home but associated Sleeping and other private spaces within the home Animals originate in wild space brought into the home domesticated Economic reproduction by definition a public act involving multiple people becomes a solitary act within a private space when animals shelter within the home o The World Reversed is the transcending of cultural binaries eg male public female private through the spaces that are produced while traversing the pathways of everyday life The Phenomenology of Waling New York City with de Certeau Page 4 of 12 o A view from somewhere places the person within the world eg dwelling within the world o A view from nowhere means that the person is detached from the world It is potentially an objective view though objectivity is a claim rather than a reality o Walking is a view for somewhere pedestrians as opposed to the view from nowhere architects planners in their offices above the streets o Textual Metaphors and the Interpretation of Urban Scenes o Walking Remakes the City Transforming into a Palimpsest o Why Walking is an Act of Resistance The intents of those in power as opposed to those who walk the streets