shared via CourseHero com This study resource was This study source was downloaded by 100000767548566 from CourseHero com on 07 11 2021 10 08 37 GMT 05 00 https www coursehero com file 60793662 ABG notesdocx 1 A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following pH 7 21 Pco2 of 60 and HCO3 of 24 The nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition A Normal B Respiratory acidosis uncompensation C Metabolic acidosis partial compensation D Respiratory acidosis complete compensationAnswer B2 A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following pH 7 45 PaCO2 50 HCO3 30 nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition A Respiratory Acidosis Partially CompensatedB Respiratory Alkalosis Fully CompensatedC Metabolic Alkalosis Partially CompensatedD Metabolic Alkalosis Fully Compensated Answer D3 A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following pH 7 6 PaCO2 53 HCO3 38 nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition A Metabolic Alkalosis Fully CompensatedB Respiratory Alkalosis Fully CompensatedC Metabolic Alkalosis Partially CompensatedD Respiratory Acidosis Partially CompensatedAnswer C4 A young man with chronic asthma has a PaCO2 of 48 mmHg a pH of 7 31 and a normal HCO3 blood gas value The nurse interprets this as which of the following A Metabolic acidosis B Respiratory alkalosis C Respiratory acidosis D Metabolic alkalosisAnswer C5 A 54 old patient has COPD and was brought into the ED After measurement of arterial blood gas they showed pH 7 31 PaCO2 68 HCO3 28 and PaO2 60 mm Hg The nurse would interpret which of the following A Respiratory Acidosis Partially CompensatedB Respiratory Acidosis uncompensatedC Metabolic Alkalosis Fully Compensated D Metabolic Acidosis partially compensated Answer B shared via CourseHero com This study resource was This study source was downloaded by 100000767548566 from CourseHero com on 07 11 2021 10 08 37 GMT 05 00 https www coursehero com file 60793662 ABG notesdocx Arterial blood gases ABGs are an important to monitor the acid base balance of patients They may help make a diagnosis indicate the severity of a condition and help to assess treatment ABGs provide the following information oxygenation adequacy of ventilation and acid base levels As blood passes through your lungs oxygen moves into the blood while carbon dioxide moves out of the blood into the lungs Blood for an ABG test is taken from an artery An ABG measures Partial pressure of oxygen PaO2 This is pressure of oxygen dissolved in the blood and how well oxygen is able to move from the airspace of the lungs into the blood Partial pressure of carbon dioxide PaCO2 This measures the pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood and how well carbon dioxide is able to move out of thebody pH The pH measures hydrogen ions H in blood The pH range is 7 35 and 7 45 A pH of less than 7 0 is acid and a pH greater than 7 0 is basic alkaline Blood is slightly basic Bicarbonate HCO3 Bicarbonate is a chemical buffer that keeps the pH of blood from becoming too acidic or too basic Oxygen saturation O2Sat values O2 content measures the amount of oxygen in the blood Oxygen saturation measures how much of the hemoglobin in the red blood cellis carrying oxygen O2 Normal values for ABGs pH 7 35 7 45PaCO2 35 45HCO3 22 26Respiratory Acidosis cause of CO2 build up in lungs To compensate for this the kidney starts to conserve bicarbonate to increase the blood s pH back to normal Cause DEPRESS Drug opioids sedative and poison can cause respiratory depression Hypoventilation Disease of neuromuscular system guillain barre myasthenia gravis Edema pulmonary extra fluid in the lung causes impaired gas exchangePneumona excessive mucous production affect gas exchange Respiratory center of brain damaged brain injury stroke Emboli blocks the pulmonary artery or branch of the lungs causes carbon dioxide to increase Spasms of bronchial tubes asthma bronchioles constrict and you have decreased gas exchangeSac elasticity of alveolar sac are damaged and this restricts air flow in and out of the lungs and this increases carbon dioxide Emphysema COPD Sign and symptoms Altered level of consciousness Confusion shared via CourseHero com This study resource was This study source was downloaded by 100000767548566 from CourseHero com on 07 11 2021 10 08 37 GMT 05 00 https www coursehero com file 60793662 ABG notesdocx Personality Changes LOC Progressively decreases Hypotension Bradypnea Dysrhythmias Pulse ElevatedNursing interventions oxygen therapy encourage deep breath and coughing maintain patent airway bronchodilation mucolytic place in semi flowers monitor heart rate and rhythm administer IV solution such as LR Respiratory alkalosis Hyperventilation To compensate for this the kidneys start to excrete bicarbonate to decrease the blood s pH back to normal Cause TACHYPENATemperature increase due to increased metabolic needs of the body which causes the respiratory center to try to compensate by making the respiratory rate increase Aspirin toxicity too much aspirin in the body leads to hyperventilation Controlled ventilation mechanical ventilationHyperventilation expelling too much carbon dioxidehYsteria anxiety leads to rapid breathing and expelling of carbon dioxide Pain rapid breathing blowing off too much carbon dioxide PneumoniaNeurological injuries from a head injury or Embolism or Edema in the lungsAsthma due to hyperventilation Sign and symptoms Syncope Vertigo Seizures ComaNursing Interventions oxygen therapy breathing techniques anxiety reduction closely watch patients on mechanical ventilation to ensure breaths are not hyperventilating the patient provide safety and seizure precautious Assess level or awareness Metabolic Acidosis is a metabolic problem due to the buildup of acid in the body fluids which affects the bicarbonate This is from increased acid production decreased acid excretion and lossof too much bicarb To compensate the repiatory system will cause the body to start to hyperventilate by increase breathing Kussmauls The body is trying to expel CO2 to help increase the pH Cause shared via CourseHero com This study resource was This study source was downloaded by 100000767548566 from CourseHero com on 07 11 2021 10 08 37 GMT 05 00 https www coursehero com file 60793662 ABG notesdocx DKA Shock Diarrhea Impaire kidney function Lactic acidosis Excessive intake of acid aspirin Sign and