Section I E Module Outline plan First Page Maharaja Surajmal Institute Affiliated to GGSIPU Delhi Course Bachelor of Business Administration Subject Module On Computer Applications BBA109 Semester II Credit 4 Module Contributor s Mr Ajay Phogat Ms Neha Mathur Ms Priyanka Dhaka July 2021 1 2 SYLLABUS 2 3 Table of Contents UNIT 1 7 1 1 Introduction to Computer Generations 7 1 1 1 First Generation Computers 1940 to 1956 7 1 1 2 Second Generation Computers 1956 to 1963 8 1 1 3 Third Generation Computers 1964 to 1971 9 1 1 4 Fourth Generation Computers 1971 to 1995 10 1 1 5 Fifth Generation Computers 1995 onwards 11 1 2 Characteristics of Computer 11 1 3 Classification of Computer 12 1 4 Computer System Components 13 1 5 Computer System Hardware 15 1 6 Applications of Computer 18 1 7 INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES 19 1 7 1 INPUT DEVICES 19 1 7 2 OUTPUT DEVICES 25 1 8 Computer Architecture Design 30 1 9 MEMORY HIERARCHY 33 UNIT 2 41 2 1 Introduction to Software 41 2 2 Types of Software 41 2 2 1 System Software 41 2 2 2 APPLICATION SOFTWARE 42 2 3 Compiler 43 3 4 2 3 1 Characteristics of Compiler 44 2 4 Interpreter 45 2 5 LINKER AND LOADER 46 2 6 System Utilities 47 2 7 Device Drivers 48 2 8 Programming Languages 48 2 8 1 Machine Language 49 2 8 2 Assembly Language 50 2 8 3 High level Language 50 2 9 Operating System 51 2 10 COMMON TERMINOLOGIES 53 2 11 GUI Graphical user interface 53 UNIT 3 55 3 1 Introduction to MS Word 55 3 2 Mail Merge in MS Word 55 3 3 MS EXCEL BASICS 59 3 4 Formatting in Excel 60 3 5 CONDITIONAL FORMATTING 61 3 6 Cell References Relative and Absolute 65 3 6 1 Relative Cell References 65 3 6 2 Absolute Cell References 65 3 7 Chars Graphs in MS Excel 66 3 8 Built In Functions 68 3 9 CONCATENATE function 70 3 10 TRIM function 70 4 5 3 11 Logical functions in Excel 71 3 11 1 AND OR XOR functions 71 3 11 2 IF function 72 3 12 Excel math functions 72 3 13 Statistical functions in Excel 73 3 14 Sorting in MS Excel 75 3 15 Filters in MS Excel 75 3 16 Pivot Tables 75 3 16 1 Pivot Table Example 75 UNIT 4 78 4 1 DATA COMMUNICATIONS 78 4 1 1 Components of Data Communication 78 4 2 DATA TRANSMISSION MODES 79 4 2 1 Simplex 79 4 2 2 Half Duplex 79 4 2 3 Full Duplex 80 4 3 COMPUTER NETWORKS 80 4 4 LAN TOPOLOGY 81 4 4 1 Mesh Topology 81 4 4 2 Star Topology 83 4 4 3 BUS Topology 84 4 4 4 RING Topology 85 4 5 NETWORK CATEGORIES 86 4 5 1 Local Area Networks LAN 86 4 5 2 Metropolitan Area Network MAN 86 5 6 4 5 3 Wide Area Network WAN 87 4 6 TRANSMISSION MEDIA 88 4 6 1 Guided Media 88 4 6 2 UNGUIDED MEDIA WIRELESS 94 4 7 Asynchronous Transmission 97 4 8 Synchronous Transmission 99 4 9 CONNECTING DEVICES 101 4 9 1 Repeaters 101 4 9 2 Bridges or Link Layer Switches 102 4 9 3 Hubs 103 4 9 4 Routers 103 4 9 5 Gateways 104 4 10 THE OSI MODEL 105 Long Answer Questions 106 MCQ 133 References 151 6 7 UNIT 1 1 1 Introduction to Computer Generations Generation in computer terminology is a step ahead in technology As you go through the history of evolution of computers you will find that the earliest computers were big in size consumed a lot of power and heated up quickly due to which it had to be shut down frequently to be cooled They were very expensive in terms of development and maintenance As technology improved computers became compact faster and more powerful From a user s perspective they become user friendly and more affordable This has largely contributed towards the popularity that computers have gained these days The term generation was earlier used only to distinguish between varying hardware technologies but was later extended to include both hardware and software A comparison of generations is made below 1 1 1 First Generation Computers 1940 to 1956 The first generation of computers was characterized by vacuum tubes in the circuitry and magnetic drums for memory These computers were enormous in size used great deal of electricity and were expensive to operate They also had limited storage capacity First generation computers relied on machine language binary coded program to perform operations and could solve only one problem at a time Punched cards and paper tapes were used to input data and instructions and output was displayed on printouts Early computers like ENIAC EDVAC and UNIVAC can all be classified as first generation computers Advantages electronic digital computers Disadvantages 1 Too bulky in size 1 These computer were based on vacuum tube technology this make possible for advent of 2 Fastest computing devices of their times Computation time was in milliseconds 7 2 Generate large amount of heat because of use of thousand of vacuum tubes Therfore air 8 conditioning was essential 3 Non portable and very slow equipments 4 Lacked in versatility and speed 5 Expensive to operate and used a large amount of electricity 6 Unreliable and prone to frequent hardware failure So constant maintenance was required 7 Difficult to program and use since machine language was used 8 Limited commercial use because each individual component had to be assembled manually 1 1 2 Second Generation Computers 1956 to 1963 In the early 1950s the discoveries of Transistor and Magnetic core memory changed the image of computers from unreliable to highly reliable machines with increased capability and higher storage capacity The transistor was far superior to the vacuum tube allowing computers to become smaller in size cheaper reliable and more energy efficient Though transistor still generated a great deal of heat it was a substantial improvement over the vacuum tube Second generation of computers was also characterized by allowing programmers to specify instructions in symbolic or assembly language rather than cryptic binary machine language High level programming languages like COmmon Business Oriented Language COBOL and FORmula TRANslation FORTRAN were also being developed at this time Due to the increase in the cost of expanding programming these machines were expensive to purchase and operate Such computers were therefore mostly found in large computer centers or government private laboratories with many programmers and support professionals Example PDP 8 IBM 1401 and IBM 7090 Advantages 1 Smaller in size compared to first generation computer because of Transistor 2 Reliable and less prone to hardware failure So less maintenance is required 3 Reduce computational time from milliseconds to microseconds 4 Better portability 5 Less heat generated 6 Wide commercial use 8 9 7 Programming became more time
View Full Document
Unlocking...