Practice Exam 2 ISP203B 1 The Earth is made up of several systems Which of the following systems have the most influence atmospheric hazards A Lithosphere B Atmosphere C Biosphere D Hydrosphere E Both B D 2 The basics elements of weather are A Clouds and wind B Energy and water C Heat and pressure D Temperature and shear 3 Approximately 30 of incoming solar radiation is reflected by Earth s albedo how much of the remaining is absorbed at the surface and the atmosphere A Approximately 23 is absorbed at the Earth surface and 47 by the atmosphere B Approximately 33 is absorbed at the Earth surface and 37 by the atmosphere C Approximately 54 is absorbed at the Earth surface and 16 by the atmosphere D Approximately 51 is absorbed at the Earth surface and 19 by the atmosphere 4 The atmosphere consists of four primary layers the Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere and the Thermosphere 5 Weather primarily occurs is which layer of the atmosphere A True B False A Stratosphere B Thermosphere C Troposphere D Mesosphere 6 Winds appear to curve across the surface of the Earth This apparent change in wind direction is due to the rotation of the Earth and is called A Hadley cells B Coriolis effect C D Low pressure Jet stream A Condensation B Transpiration C Evaporation D Transportation the atmosphere A True B False A True B False A True B False A 20 B 1 C 5 D 9 7 Moisture in the atmosphere primarily comes from 8 Air pressure is related to the weight of a column of air from the ground to the top of 9 Rising air is indicative of a high pressure system 10 Sinking air is indicative of a low pressure system 11 Approximately 70 of the Earth is covered in water The majority of the water 97 5 is salt water The remaining freshwater 2 5 exists as glaciers groundwater and lakes or rivers What is the percentage of freshwater that exists on the surface 12 The Hydrological Cycle can be best described by which of the following statements A The cycling of water in and out of the atmosphere and between all of the Earth s B The continual cleansing of the Earth s atmosphere by precipitation and convective components storms C The physical process by which water is created by combining free hydrogen with oxygen A True B False A True B False A Lightning B Hail C Tornadoes D Floods A Warm core B Cold core C Eye wall D Funnel A Gust fronts B Hail C Thunder D Updrafts 13 Warm air has the ability to hold more water than cold air 14 Thunderstorms form as unstable warm moist air rises into colder air and condenses 15 Which of the following is not a primary hazard associated with thunderstorms 16 A thunderstorm can be described as which of the following type of storm 17 Lightning instantly heats the surrounding air to approximately 50 000 degrees the heating leads to the expansion of the surrounding air and results in which of the following 18 What phrase best describes a tornado A A rotating funnel shaped cloud rising from the ground and dissipating into a cloud B A violently rotating column of air that extends between the surface and a cloud C A violently rotating cloud rising from the ground that forms a cirrus cloud 19 What is the typical ground speed of a tornado A Thirty miles per hour B Ninety miles per hour 22 Which of the following terms refers to the most urgent National Weather Service 20 In the United States what months do tornadoes generally occur C Five miles per hour D Fifty miles per hour A May through August B August through November C November through February D February through May 21 What type of thunderstorms typically spawn tornadoes A Multicell storms B Supercore storms C Multicore storms D Supercell storms Statement A Watch B Advisory C Warning D Alert A True B False A True B False A True B False 23 Unlike Hurricanes Tornadoes need Wind Shear to propagate 24 During a tornado you should open the windows 25 Tornadoes may occur during the winter and at night 26 A warm core low pressure system producing high winds near the center of circulation that exhibits a large counter clockwise rotating and inward flows best describes which of the following A Tornado B Mesocyclone C Hurricane D Thunderstorm A Over 39 mph B Over 55 mph C Over 67 mph D Over 73 mph A 72 degrees B 78 degrees C 85 degrees D 88 degrees A True B False A Geologic period B Extinction C Earth cycle D Biotic crisis A Asteroids B Global warming C Humans D Hurricane 27 What sustained wind speeds must be reached in order to be classified as a Hurricane 28 In order to form Hurricane s need 6 conditions Warm ocean water be at least 5 degrees latitude from the equator low level vertical wind shear unstable conditions pre existing disturbance and moisture in the mid troposphere What is the minimum ocean temperature for the warm water necessary for hurricane development 29 Four main hazards exist with all hurricanes storm surges wave wind and rainfall 30 A sharp decrease in the number of species in a relatively short period of time can be described as what type of event 31 Mass extinctions can be caused by all of the following except 32 How many mass extinctions have occurred during Earth s history 33 Which of the following is not an example of one of the Big 5 extinctions 34 Natural extinctions can be caused by habitat disruption or modification 35 Approximately how many species are estimated to be lost annually given a 6th A 8 B 3 C 5 D 7 A Ordovician Silurian B Late Devonian C Permian Triassic D Anthropocene A True B False extinction A 50 000 B 40 000 C 30 000 D 20 000 36 Human caused extinction can occur through many methods Which of the following have the ability to cause a mass extinction A Excessive predation B Habitat destruction C Pollution contamination D All of the above 37 When did the 6th extinction begin A When humans began to radiate to different parts of the world B During the age of mechanical revolution C When Europe began to dominate the world s nations D Post World War 2 38 What makes the 6th extinction different from the others A B It s happening today It s not caused by natural causes 39 What is the term used to describe the idea that the Earth is a functioning and living It s caused by humans C D All of the above entity A Pangea B Gaia C Hollow Earth D Anthropocene A Flash B River C Storm Surge D All of the above A True B False 40 Which of the following can be a potential impact of climate change A Sea level rise B Extreme weather C D All of the above Increasing global temperatures 41 Which of the following are Flood Types