1 It has been suggested that maternal weight gain during pregnancy is beneficial for birth outcomes A researcher examined the relationship between weight gain in pounds during pregnancy and weight of child at birth in 9 600 mothers She was interested in determining whether weight gain could predict the birth weight of newborns One way ANOVA Pearson Correlation Spearman Correlation Simple Linear Regression Wilcoxon Signed Rank test Mann Whitney U test Pearson 2 test One sample Z test for proportions Pearson Correlation Spearman Correlation Simple Linear Regression Wilcoxon Signed Rank test Mann Whitney U test Pearson 2 test One sample Z test for proportions One way ANOVA Pearson Correlation Spearman Correlation Simple Linear Regression Wilcoxon Signed Rank test Mann Whitney U test Pearson 2 test One sample Z test for proportions Briefly explain your choice of test for the previous question Define the independent and dependent variables and their variable type continuous categorical and explain any other factors that influenced your decision Y birth weight continuous X weight gain continuous prediction indicates regression rather than correlation 3 Is class attendance associated with GPA 100 randomly sampled USC students were asked to record how many class sessions they missed during the semester At the end of the semester researchers calculated the percentage of classes attended for each student and obtained their semester GPA Neither GPA nor class attendance was Normally distributed 4 Briefly explain your choice of test for the previous question Define the independent and dependent variables and their variable type continuous categorical and explain any other factors that influenced your decision Y GPA continuous X percentage of classes attended continuous association suggests correlation rather than regression non Normality indicates Spearman 5 Globex Corporation developed a new anti anxiety medication They wanted to determine if this medication was effective in treating anxiety in combination with a conventional therapeutic method Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT Participants were assigned into one of four treatment groups medication therapy medication no therapy placebo therapy Placebo no therapy Anxiety was measured before and after treatment using a scale that ranges from 0 no anxiety to 63 severe anxiety 6 Briefly explain your choice of test for the previous question Define the independent and dependent variables and their variable type continuous categorical and explain any other factors that influenced your decision Y change in anxiety score continuous X treatment group categorical 7 Is there racial bias in jury selection Twelve jurors and four alternates were selected to hear a murder case Of the 16 jurors selected 2 were black The population from which the jury was drawn is 40 black Based on this sample of 16 jurors Is there evidence that the proportion of blacks selected for juries is less than 40 One way ANOVA Pearson Correlation Spearman Correlation Simple Linear Regression Wilcoxon Signed Rank test Mann Whitney U test Pearson 2 test One sample Z test for proportions 8 Briefly explain your choice of test for the previous question Define the independent and dependent variables and their variable type continuous categorical and explain any other factors that influenced your decision Y black race categorical no X variable 1 sample comparing to a pre specified proportion 9 J Rumbagai was interested in developing a campaign to reduce vaping in the adult population of Los Angeles She found research suggesting that mean systolic blood pressure is higher for adults who vaped vs adults who did not vape The distribution of systolic blood pressure was skewed to the right What test should be used to test whether adults who vape have higher blood pressure One way ANOVA Pearson Correlation Spearman Correlation Simple Linear Regression Wilcoxon Signed Rank test Mann Whitney U test Pearson 2 test One sample Z test for proportions One sample Z test for proportions 10 Briefly explain your choice of test for the previous question Define the independent and dependent variables and their variable type continuous categorical and explain any other factors that influenced your decision Y blood pressure continuous not Normal X vaping categorical 2 groups 11 A marketing firm was hired to assess US consumers thoughts about peach flavored mint candy In their survey they asked participants about their demographic age group Gen Z Millennial Gen X Boomer and whether or not they were in favor of peach mints One way ANOVA Pearson Correlation Spearman Correlation Simple Linear Regression Wilcoxon Signed Rank test Mann Whitney U test Pearson 2 test One sample Z test for proportions 12 Briefly explain your choice of test for the previous question Define the independent and dependent variables and their variable type continuous categorical and explain any other factors that influenced your decision Y opinion of peach mints categorical 2 categories X age group categorical 4 categories 2 x 4 table 13 Researchers wanted to know if there are differences in corticosterone levels a stress hormone in human blood after certain experiences Corticosterone levels were collected from 15 participants immediately after a vacation n 5 after class n 5 or after a job interview n 5 13a What are the null and alternative hypotheses to test whether there are any differences among the three groups H0 1 2 3 vs HA not all 3 means are equal 13b Based on the ANOVA table what is your decision for this hypothesis Reject the null p 0 001 conclude that the alternative is true 13c Which pairs of groups were significantly different in terms of their mean corticosterone levels All 3 pairwise differences are significant p 0 05 13d Write a conclusion statement that answers the research question and includes information about the evidence for your conclusion eg estimated means and p value We conclude that corticosteroid levels differ depending on when they are drawn p 0 001 They are lowest after vacation intermediate after class and highest after a job interview 14 Blizzard Entertainment was roiled in controversy after punishing Blitzchung a winner of one of their gaming competitions for mentioning controversial topics when interviewed A survey was conducted by Blind an anonymous messaging app used by tech employees that asked Do you think Blizzard should have a strong free speech policy for players even if it hurts Blizzard financially