Thomas La Velle Mrs Johnson Honors Senior Rhetoric 11 November 2022 Annotated Bibliography Is the quality of school lunch acceptable Department of Agriculture Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs Final Rule www govinfo gov content pkg FR 2012 01 26 pdf 2012 1010 pdf Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs Final Rule is a document written by the USDA that describes the various regulations and standards school lunches must pass in order to be sold It thoroughly details the nutritional requirements as well as the various meal components that a school must serve I plan to use this specific article as a naysayer text Since it s a legal document that enforces a healthy lunch packed with nutrition it will be perfect to cite this text and then refute what it argues For example the USDA writes This final rule updates the meal patterns and nutrition standards for the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs to align them with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans This rule requires most schools to increase the availability of fruits vegetables whole grains and fat free and low fat fluid milk in school meals reduce the levels of sodium saturated fat and trans fat in meals and meet the nutrition needs of school children within their calorie requirements USDA 4088 I specifically plan to use this quotation for my writing to set up a counterclaim that disproves what the USDA is saying and proves that school lunches aren t up to par or nutritional In terms of weaving in with my other texts I believe that it will specifically pair well with the article Do School Lunches Contribute to Childhood Obesity by Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach By providing a complete contrast to the USDA s claims I plan to use Schanzenbach s research that school lunches are unhealthy and contribute to childhood obesity to disprove the USDA s regulations and that they did not improve school lunches The USDA states These improvements to the school meal programs largely based on recommendations made by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies are expected to enhance the diet and health of school children and help mitigate the childhood obesity trend USDA 4088 I will use this specific quote with Schanzenbach s words Table 5 extends the analysis through fifth grade Columns 1 4 show that by the end of third grade lunch eaters are 2 3 percentage points more likely to be obese and six percentage points to be overweight and have a 2 8 percent higher BMI Schanzenbach 696 to directly refute the USDA s projections I believe that by setting up this counterclaim I will be able to actively strengthen my argument while weakening other people s arguments which will in turn make my research seem more credible since I explored the other side Gaddis Jennifer The Big Business of School Meals JSTOR www jstor org stable 26977159 The BIG business of school meals by Jennifer Gaddis explores the hidden corporations government policies and funding plans behind school lunches She aims to expose the various antagonists in the market that create unhealthy food supplies that are ultimately harmful to students She then furthers her ambitions by providing ways corporations and local communities can improve school lunch conditions This specific text for my topic is extremely useful in that it provides enough studies resources and statistics for me to properly obtain a view into this argument on whether or not school lunches are up to par As the text I first started with I am already leaning toward the idea that school lunches aren t acceptable and I believe I will find other texts that agree with this claim Although not a specialized text I feel as if I ll be able to use some of her research or statistics in my essay to strengthen my claims For example she writes During the 1980s the Reagan administration pushed schools even further down this path by slashing the federal school lunch program s budget by 25 Since then it has only become more and more common for districts to turn their cafeterias over to private corporations such as Aramark Chartwells and Sodexo Gaddis 24 I specifically plan to use this quotation for my writing for I can provide evidence that school lunch is more of a monopoly that seeks to further its financial gain rather than provide healthy school options Overall this text is most useful in getting an overarching view of the status of school lunches and the legal issues and financial issues behind them In terms of weaving in with my other texts I believe that it will specifically pair well with the article Food and Beverage Marketing in Schools Putting Student Health at the Head of the Class by Jennifer Harris By delving into corporations monetary greed and sacrificing students health to market their products I believe this article will pair perfectly with Gaddis when I write about companies aims and ambitions in the market Harris states Yet food companies continue to directly target young people with marketing for products that contribute to poor health They spend 1 8 billion annually in youth targeted marketing with the promotion of fast food sugary drinks sugary breakfast cereals and candy accounting for 90 of these expenditures Harris I will use this specific quote with Gaddis words As a result school continues to be one of the primary sites at which young people are exposed to branded fast food items which are served weekly in 30 of high schools and 10 of elementary schools Terry McElrath et al 2014 Gaddis 24 to strengthen my claims that and thus prove that school lunches aren t made for students health Graziano Michael et al directors Lunch Line The Cinema Guild 2010 video alexanderstreet com watch lunch line Accessed 30 Nov 2022 Lunch Line by Michael Graziano displays the various legal and political variables behind school lunches Additionally he covers the philosophies that go into providing students with a lunch program Graziano also discusses the nutritional value of school lunches and the debates that go with said topic Lunch Line is a perfect source for my essay because it thoroughly describes everything I want to write about including regulations nutritional value student opinions etc Overall I plan to use this text both while writing about the laws behind school lunches and also on the quality of school food For example the film describes the thinking behind school lunches and which foods to serve saying So we as lunch