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REVIEW SESSION SECTION 1A Navigate to the corresponding section on the Doc COPY AND PASTE THE QUESTIONS FROM IT ONTO YOUR OWN GOOGLE DOC Take 20 25 minutes to crowdsource aspects of each case and record your group s responses ONTO YOUR OWN COPY When prompted copy and paste your responses to the original Google Doc below each of the themes Four broad potential essay themes are listed below The essay questions will be based on these themes You will choose 2 of 3 questions on the exam Each essay will be worth 50 points total 100 points 1 Memory and Memorialization Patterns and implications of remembering and forgetting political violence Guatemala perpetrators of justice Many people in Guatemala want to forget move on This includes both victims and Trials for certain military members occurred recently 2018 Movies like La Llorona and Nuestras Madres are examples of people seeking a form Si hubo genocidio movement of Guatemala highlights the tension between remembering and forgetting further expanded through Salazar s photographs Implicit connotation where if you want to forget move on you are actively or indirectly siding with the perpetrators whereas if you want to remember you are siding with the victims Memorialization No major monuments like how the Holocaust has Auschwitz Berlin monument American Holocaust Museum Memory plays huge role in court cases when trying to prosecute the perpetrators but testimonies are not given as big of a role in convictions due to faults in memory mens rea analysis vs actus reus etc does not necessarily mean we should not trust the testimony but rather interpret them in the light of trauma and witness accounts The ladinozation of captured Maya men could play a part in why people don t want to remember the past Another area of memory is that some people say that was not me or it was someone else when they committed the violence from a Fall Quarter lecture Holocaust Postmemory relationship of the second generation to powerful often traumatic experiences that preceded their births but that were nevertheless transmitted to them as deeply as to seem to constitute memories in their own right reliance on photography How does Political Violence live on In the minds and bodies of survivors perpetrators and bystanders In unaddressed injustices In the material culture of post genocidal postwar postcolonial societies landscapes objects ruins In cultural production literature film memorials museums ect In social and political structures bureaucracies of the state military Coming to Terms with the Past Vergangenheitsbew ltigung mastering the past implies you can put the past behind you slightly negative connotation Aufarbeitung der Vergangenheit working through the Past collective more positive connotation Durcharbeitung Freudian Working Through mourning individual but also social Stress on Arbeit coming to terms with the past is a form of individual and collective labor 3 types of memory individual communicative social frameworks cultural externalized in cultural artifacts texts monuments museums rituals Strategies of Public Remembrance Problem with Monuments how do you memorialize without monumentalizing The Countermonument Ex Monument against Fascism Jochen Gerze and Esther Shalev Gerz a monument that step by step would sink into the ground Lesson commit ourselves to remain vigilant only we ourselves can stand up against injustice How do you memorialize the disappearance of your neighbors Stolpersteine Stumbling Stones by Gunter Demnig they stick out so you stumble on them Stones marking the last place the victims stood with name birthday date of deportation where he was murdered How do you memorialize your own nation s crimes Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe Factors that enable and disable cultural memory Political context State agendas Culture industries Grassroots individual initiatives Trauma Identity politics Other histories of violence Contact with survivors eyewitnesses Testimony first person non fictional account of significant historical events often violent relayed by a witness can be spoken written visual Legal context Legal context eye witness account cross examined establishing truth in the interest of justice Feeds into writing of history Religious context moral imperative to bear witness Feeds into transmission of memory Implications holocaust testimony uneasily combines claims to truth justice history memory and moral significance Addressed to listeners readers seeks to generate more witnesses Implies an acceptance transmission understanding of trauma a response sometimes delayed to an overwhelming event or events The event is not assimilated or experienced fully at the time but only belated in its repeated possession of the one who experiences it To be traumatized is precisely to be possessed by an image or event Can trigger denial tension silencing victims Bringing Together Testimony and Trauma transmission Dori Laub Holocaust survivor 1937 2018 it takes two to testify to trauma witness listener Charlotte Delbo french political communist Holocaust survivor 1913 1985 arrested and deported to Auschwitz and Ravensbruck after war worked for UN Days and Memory 1985 Deep Memory vs Ordinary External Memory contributes to the split self Aujourd hui je ne suis pas s re que ce que j ai crit soit vrai Je suis s re que c est v ridique Auschwitz et Apr s They do not know there is no arriving in this station They expect the worst not the unthinkable Memorialization implies transitional justice process which responds to massive human rights violations through judicial redress political reforms in a region or country and other measures in order to prevent the recurrence of human rights be able to move on closure Many tensions in the transmission testimony of trauma Legal vs moral religious History vs memory Overwhelming immediacy vs traumatic belatedness Speaker vs listener Recounting of facts vs discovery of knowledge Auschwitz self vs post auschwitz self Deep memory vs ordinary memory The true vs the truthful The worst vs the unthinkable Intergenerational transmission arts of postmemory Communicative memory family memory social class postmemory lifespan 80 100 years The violence lives on in the minds and bodies of survivors perpetrators and bystanders sometimes in their children grandchildren in unaddressed injustices in the material of post genocidal societies landscapes objects ruins Trauma disrupts communicative memory and disrupts the memories


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UCLA POLSCI 118 - REVIEW SESSION - SECTION 1A

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