GASTRITIS 1 P a g e GASTRITIS P 985 987 Types Acute Chronic Diffuse Localized Common Causes of Gastritis Drug Induced Aspirin Corticosteroids NSAID s Diet Alcohol Spicy irritating food Microorganisms Helicobacter pylori Salmonella Staphylococcus organisms Environmental Factors Radiation Smoking Pathophysiologic Conditions Burns Large hiatal hernia Phyisiologic stress Reflux of bile and pancreatic secretions Renal failure uremia Sepsis Shock Other Factors Endoscopic procedures NG tube Psychologic stress Etiology and Pathophysiology o o Tissue edema Possible hemorrhage Risk Factors 1 Drug Related Gastritis Results as breakdown in the normal gastric mucosal barrier Results in HCl acid and pepsin diffusing back to mucosa leading to a NSAIDs Advil naproxen and risk factors for drug induced gastritis include i Being over age 60 ii Ulcer disease iii Being female iv Anticoagulant use v Ulcerogenic drugs and corticosteroids b Aspirin c Digitalis digoxin d Corticosteroids GASTRITIS 2 P a g e 2 Diet a Alcoholic drinking binging b Spicy irritating foods c Renal failure 3 Helicobacter pylori a Underdeveloped countries Low socioeconomic status b c Infection during childhood with fecal oral oral oral route 4 Autoimmune Gastritis a Immune response directed against parietal cells Clinical Manifestations Anorexia Nausea Vomiting Epigastric tenderness Feeling of fullness Hemorrhage alcohol abuse Acute gastritis few hours to few days Chronic gastritis Asymptomatic mostly Pernicious anemia o o o Neurologic complications Diagnostic Studies Based on patient s history and drug use Endoscopic exam with biopsy for definitive diagnosis Determination of h pylori includes o Breath urine serum stool and gastric tissue biopsy tests CBC presence of anemia from blood loss or lack of intrinsic factor Stools tested for occult blood Tissue biopsy Nursing Management for Acute Gastritis Eliminate cause If vomiting o Rest o NPO o o IV fluids Antiemetics NG tube o Monitors bleeding o o Lavage of agent from stomach Keeps stomach empty and free of noxious stimuli Clear liquids resumed when symptoms subside Hemorrhage VS Test vomit for blood o o Drug therapy GASTRITIS 3 P a g e Antacids o o H2 receptor blockers ranitidine cimetidine o PPI s omeprazole lansoprazole Nursing Management for Chronic Gastritis Antibiotic combinations to eradicate H pylori Anemia cobalamin lifelong Lifestyle changes and strict adherence to drug regimen Diet of six small feedings Antacids after meals No smoking
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