Unformatted text preview:

Juvenile Justice 205 August 21 2014 Chapter 1 Parens Patriae In place of the parents o If you can t get up and check in and feed and clothe your child then the state will o State has judicial powers to come in and do that step in and do that 1 Protect 2 Punish o Status Offense The crime is only a crime because of your age Truancy Curfew Drinking underage Running away The reason why the kids make these decisions is because the parents don t enforce or make them or they re not around How do we know how much crime goes on o UCR Uniform Crime Report Violent crime murder aggravated assault Burglaries A crime can t be reported twice rape and murder the murder is reported and not the rape Children will not report to police that they don t feel safe with Won t be tested on NIBRS o NCVS National Crime Victimization Survey Weakness It sees a law abiding person that changes hands with someone who makes shady decisions and brings crime to them Doesn t record child victimization Crime could be reported twice if you don t remember when it happened Group dynamics and child development August 28 2014 Know how many cases are in the intake phase in book 1000 cases Of 1000 cases 556 petitioned 352 adjudicated 89 will see inside of prison or residential facility We don t know why these children are arrested because most of them are arrested because of status offenses Children youth population o Arrest Adjudication phase Deposition phase After this phase o Probation o Charges dropped o Prison time Detention o Community service o Kids can be transferred to adult courts o Referral Chapter 2 o The first mention of juveniles Romans developed Justinian Code Rearing of children goes to the father o Private matter o Absence of children from it because it implies a lack of priority so rearing of children was not a priority Small circled closed door approach Children are absent because it s not a priority Code of Hammurabi Eye for an eye London 1555 Spain is a world power England begins to industrialize itself o Lots of people moving together causes problems o Children on the streets Beggars Vagrants Bridewell prison first institution to control and address vagrants and beggars o Children are still not a priority don t want them around o Children and adults together o American justice system is related to English common law Puritan period brought laws and forced apprenticeships for children Fathers have absolute authority Laws that provided death penalty for children who disobeyed parents Poor houses orphanges 1646 Stubborn Child Law o Refuge Period 1824 1899 Mexican American War Civil War More Americans died than any other American conflict 4 500 000 Americans died House of refuge created separate institutions for youth First times by reintroducing youth by giving them apprenticeships Child savers foster homes Child savers first ones to say environment is what is determining behavior of children and have to look at environment Accountability of caretakers o Must provide safe environment for children o If you want someone to overcome obstacles then you have to tell them what positive behavior is Children cannot be accountable to the same degree as adults System should avoid a punitive role punishments Outcomes YWCA YMCA Vocational education First separate trials Massachusetts o Court Period 1899 1960 Several presidents during this period Woodrow Wilson PhD from John Hopkins U Hoover Roosevelt Truman Eisenhower Kennedy Medical model believes that delinquency is a treatable and curable condition Delinquent Detainee under the age of 16 Reforming and protecting was one of the first goals of juvenile court Early efforts of diversion 1914 diversion began in Chicago Official halting 1909 Juvenile court systems spread throughout No unified system o Juvenile Rights 1960 1980 JFK first president born in 20th century Vietnam war Civil Rights movement Muhammad Ali JFK RFK MLK Medgar Evers Malcom X Changes the entire scope of juvenile justice Miranda Gault reproduce everything America emerges from WW2 as only super power left standing and Children learn that if they commit crimes bring themselves into a place into making stuff Lyndon Johnson Deinstitutionalization o Correct without using an institution Diversion Don t need to know Decriminalization o Legislation that makes status offense a non criminal act Due Process o GAULT A child who makes a prank phone call police arrest him hold Gault for series of time and don t call house don t charge with anything It wasn t illegal at the time to do this What Gault did guarantees due process rights for kids that are enjoyed by adults Robbery rape no rights read issue with how o Kent 1968 Crime control act transferred o Reform the juvenile justice system drastically o Invest in something a lot to be successful Winship Case McKeiver Breed V jones o Can overwhelming amount of evidence decide case o Winship establishes proof beyond a reasonable doubt o Establishes that a jury trial is NOT a required part of due process in adjudicating by a juvenile court o Double jeopardy adjudicated as a juvenile and then tried again as an adult Crime Control Model 1980 o Ronald Reagan War on drugs Not bringing justice to criminals o Deterrence crimes An intervention to stop people from committing Can t be measured Deterrence of three strikes you re out Is it effective o Deserve You get what you deserve o Shaw v Martin Results in preventative detention September 2 2014 Chapter 3 Theories of crime traditionally are used to explain adult male behavior o Problem with this is there s testosterone aggression o Males are socialized differently o Explain child crime through adult male lens and it doesn t work o Males are socialized to prove that they are the alpha o Theories of crime have their greatest impact is on the CORRECTION of criminal behavior If they commit crime on a social issue biological issue psychological then how do you correct that behavior o Theories don t exist on their own o Is there behavior that is worth correcting Consensus Theory Social Contract o Individuals within a society agree on basic values on what is inherently right and wrong and that the law expresses these values and law is a manifestation of these values If we all agree then why is law necessary If you punish someone then what do you want to do with them You want them to buy back into the contract It can t always be black and white Kid tried stabbing him Double the time he wants the kid in school because otherwise he


View Full Document

SIUE CJ 205 - Chapter 1

Download Chapter 1
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Chapter 1 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Chapter 1 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?