1 Water pollution the addition of anything that might degrade the quality of 2 Stormwater runoff water from precipitation that flows over the surface of water land 3 Watershed hilltops and their tributaries a all other water flows away from watershed 4 Pathogens leading cause of pollution in the US from industrial and agricultural waste a Sediments metals bacteria pH problems chemicals sewage 5 Hypoxia low dissolved oxygen in water 6 Eutrophication runoff pollution floods bay with extra nutrients 7 Dead zone all underwater life is killed a 350 dead zones worldwide caused by over fertilization 8 Nutrient pollution leading type of water pollution worldwide 9 Raw sewage aging sewage pipes sometimes cause some raw sewage to leak 10 Toxic pollution urban and industrial areas release toxic pollutants from in to streams pipes or smokestacks 11 Drug residue treated wastewater from residential areas can contain enough drug reside to affect aquatic life 12 Best management practices for Chesapeake bay a Reducing pollution at source b Protecting watersheds land c Restoring habitats d Protecting watersheds water Chesapeake bay largest estuary in the world Receives from 6 highly populated states and DC o Fisheries have crashed o Oyster beds disappeared o Algae blooms starve water of dissolved oxygen o Average blue crab size decreased o Cloudy water usually cleaned up by oysters prevents fishers from seeing crabs o Problems traced back to pollutants that wash off agricultural lands lawns streets contaminate stormwater runoff o Hypoxic water clouds surface and increases algal and bacterial growth life underneath water surface dies off o Excess nitrogen from synthetic fertilizers o CBP Chesapeake bay program helps farmers manage use of fertilizers Acid rain and animal waster Excess nutrients have been reduced by 50 Works with land owners close to water riparian areas 2010 miles of forest buffer zones have been resorted helping Homeowners to limit law fertilizers plant native plants that slow runoff don t need fertilizers Air pollution standards enforced and people drive less o Water quality continues to suffer in years with heavy rainfall sea life is still dying