HIV Human immunodeficiency virus Causes AIDS o RNA envelope virus Uses studs for cell recognition entry Covered with glycoprotein spikes gp120 o gp120 attaches to receptor on host cell o 1st attaches to CD4 the CCR5 receptor needs 2 receptors HIV attacks T cells type of white blood cell which are a critical part of the immune system o As T cells die you become much more susceptible to infections AIDS stays dormant for 8 10 years Enters cell based upon receptor recognition Capsid breaks apart releasing RNA into the cytoplasm o RNA reverse transcriptase Retrovirus o Reverse transcriptase produces a double stranded DNA copy of RNA DNA then goes into the nucleus and inserts itself into host cell genome DNA copy provirus o DNA is replicated and hijacks cellular replication synthesis Treatments o Target stable important structures processes 1 Entry Inhibitors a Block binding of gp120 on receptor b Block fusion of viral envelope with cell membrane c Gene therapy Australian chap with CCR5 changes 32 mutation 2 Reverse Transcriptase inhibitors a Block DNA provirus synthesis b AZT NRTI c Protease inhibitors target virion building stage Ebola Filovirus filamentous structure Helical capsid RNA Hemorrhagic fever multiple organ dysfunction syndrome Surrounded by lipid membrane with glycoprotein studs o Central Nervous System Respiratory System Digestive System Circulatory System Spread through close contact with blood feces or vomit from an infected individual o Must be taken in through nose mouth eyes or cuts Likely reservoir species 3 species o Fruit bats fruits chimp gorilla duiker poach animals hunting come into contact with blood human infection Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome RNA envelope virus Effects respiratory system Reservoir species civets like foxes SARS Hantavirus Poxviruses Envelope virus with capsid and DNA Lower error rates lower mutation rates Not constantly dealing with new strains RNA virus In Southwestern United States Attacks respiratory and kidney system Lots of Rain lots of food lots of mice mice carry hanta increased human contact feces and urine that is aerosolized
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