BIOPSYCH 0505 1nd Edition Lecture 22 Outline of Last Lecture I Lateralization and the split brain discoveries A Marc Dax B Paul Broca 1 Left hemisphere involved in aphasia 2 Broca s aphasia C Wernicke s aphasia D Apraxia discovered by Liepmann II Cerebral lateralization of function A Cerebral commissures B Corpus callosum C Tests of cerebral lateralization 1 Sodium amytal test 2 Dichotic listening test 3 Functional brain imaging III Speech lateralization and handedness A Left hemisphere is dominant for speech B Sex differences in brain lateralization C Split brain commissurotomy procedure D Myers and Sperry Outline of Current Lecture I Commissurotomy in Humans with epilepsy A Limits convulsive activity B Sperry and Gazzaniga C Contralateral D Cross cuing II Doing two things at once A Helping hand phenomenon B Dual foci of attention C Chimeric figures task D The Z lens III Differences between the left and right hemispheres A There are no substantial differences B Lateralization C Anatomical brain asymmetries observed in These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 1 Front Operculum Broca s area 2 Planum Temporale Wernicke s area 3 Primary Auditory Cortex Current Lecture I Commissurotomy in Humans with epilepsy A Limits convulsive activity B Sperry and Gazzaniga 1 Developed procedures to test split brain patients 2 Split brain humans differ from split brain animals in that the two hemispheres of the human brain have different abilities 3 Most human left hemispheres are capable of speech while the right is not C Contralateral 1 What we see with our right eye is controlled by the left hemisphere and the left eye is controlled by the right hemisphere 2 The right hemisphere can control the hand to select what it cannot say D Cross cuing 1 Facial feedback from the other hemisphere 2 Represents communication between hemispheres via a nonneural route 3 In an experiment when guessing the color of a circle the right hemisphere might make a frowned face when the left hemisphere gives an incorrect spoken answer the individual would then get the cue that it was wrong and they would change their answer II A B C D III Doing two things at once each hemisphere of a split brain can learn independently and simultaneously Helping hand phenomenon presented with two different visual stimuli the hand knows to correct the other Dual foci of attention split brain hemispheres can search for the target item in an array faster than intact controls can Chimeric figures task only symmetrical version of the right half of faces is recognized indicates competition between the hemispheres The Z lens 1 Researchers are advancing the study of split brains with a contact lens used to restrict visual input to one hemisphere 2 It restricts information so that one side of the optic field is able to give information to one hemisphere Differences between the left and right hemispheres A There are no substantial differences between hemispheres in that the degree of the differences are not vast B Lateralization of function is statistical rather than absolute however differences have been observed C Anatomical brain asymmetries observed in 1 Front Operculum Broca s area a Near the face area of the primary cortex b Language production 2 Planum Temporale Wernicke s area a Temporal lobe posterior lateral fissure 3 Primary Auditory Cortex b Temporal lobe at the bottom of the brain
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