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TAMU HIST 106 - Reconstruction
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HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture 1. Some Key Events Leading Up to the War• Missouri Compromise of 1820• Compromise of 1850 (including Fugitive Slave Law)• Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854• Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)• John Brown & the Raid on Harper’s Ferry• 1860 Presidential Election2. The War Between the States• Secession & the Confederate States of America• Lincoln’s Efforts to Preserve the Union• Emancipation Proclamation (1863)• Conscription Act & the New York City Draft Riots (1863)• 1864 Presidential Election• April 1865 & the War’s End3. Unresolved Questions at the End of the Civil WarOutline of Current Lecture 1. Unresolved Questions / Issues after the Civil War2. Reconstruction• Early Ideas under Lincoln• Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867)3. Andrew Johnson4. Debates over the Treatment of Former Confederates5. The Black Codes• Radical (or Congressional) Reconstruction (1867-1877)6. Goals7. The Freedmen’s Bureau8. Reconstruction Acts of 18679. Johnson’s Impeachment10. Mixed Record11. African Americans Experience Reconstruction• Meanings & Realities of “Freedom”Current LectureUnresolved Questions / Issues after the Civil War- What does freedom mean?- What does US do with blacks?o What does the southern society do with them?Reconstruction• Early Ideas under Lincoln• 13th amendment- Outlaws slavery• Wanted to bring south back into union as quick as possible • No harsh punishment • Respect confederate land holding• Biggest issue: What to do with former slaves, confederates, and south overall• Presidential Reconstruction (1865-1867)• Southern economy devastated • Cotton and slaves reduced• Confederates has set fire to fields to keep Union from capturing• Slaves ran away• Went from 25% to 12% of the national economy supplier• Took generations to recuperate• Plantation owners wanted a quick return to power• Slaves sought freedom and land ownership• Wouldn’t sign labor contractsAndrew Johnson• Wanted south back on feet ASAP• Wanted everyone back to work• Plantation owners also wanted a quick return• Didn’t want black suffrage Debates over the Treatment of Former Confederates• North Viewed plan as too lenient• 7000 presidential pardons were granted to former confederate leadersThe Black Codes• South wanted to restore slavery in essence • Laws placed in immediate aftermath of civil war• Varied per state• Directed only towards keeping blacks under whites• Radical (or Congressional) Reconstruction (1867-1877)• Johnson’s plan not favored in north• He favored confederate leaders if they were loyal to the union now• Alienated congress with many vetoes• Congress wins control of reconstructionGoals• Punish confederates• Bring full citizenship to blacks• Fundamentally transform southThe Freedmen’s Bureau• Assisted blacks for 1 year from slavery to freedom• Provided basic needs• Renewed over 1 year, after Johnson tries to veto• Initially part of the war division• Provided education• Mediated between blacks and whites• Supervised contracts and employmentReconstruction Acts of 1867• Bills passed to help blacks over Johnson’s many vetoes• 13th, 14th, 15th amendments• 5 military districts makes ruling south easier• Each state required to accept and enforce 13th, 14th, and 15th amendmentsJohnson’s Impeachment• Wanted to impeach due to many vetoes• Senate originally 1 vote shortMixed Record• Republicans in South• Blacks• Carpetbaggers• ScalawagsAfrican Americans Experience Reconstruction• Meanings & Realities of “Freedom”• Unfinished revolution• Experiment with interracial democracy• Era of black community building and political


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TAMU HIST 106 - Reconstruction

Type: Lecture Note
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