HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture Why 1877 The Centennial Celebration of 1876 Message to Americans Message to the World Exhibitions Meanings Perspectives Native Americans Women African Americans The Civil War Past or Present Reconstruction Amendments Violence the Mississippi Plan 1876 Presidential Election Outline of Current Lecture Some Key Events Leading Up to the War Missouri Compromise of 1820 Compromise of 1850 including Fugitive Slave Law Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 Dred Scott v Sanford 1857 John Brown the Raid on Harper s Ferry 1860 Presidential Election The War Between the States Secession the Confederate States of America Lincoln s Efforts to Preserve the Union Emancipation Proclamation 1863 Conscription Act the New York City Draft Riots 1863 1864 Presidential Election April 1865 the War s End Unresolved Questions at the End of the Civil War Current Lecture Some Key Events Leading Up to the War Missouri Compromise of 1820 Admitted Missouri as slave state Maine as free state Prohibited slavery from entering into the rest of the LA purchase above the 36 30 Line Louisiana admitted previously so they could have slaves By admitting 2 states one on each side hoped to appease everyone Compromise of 1850 including Fugitive Slave Law 5 measures passed by congress All dealt with slavery in the territory claimed from Mexican American War 2 were from south to north 1 authorized abolition of the slave trade in DC admitted California as a free state to nation 3rd is from North to South Fugitive Slave Law Act Allowed escaped slaves to be returned to owners 4th divides land received from M US War into New Mexico Utah and make them mutual and decided by popular sovereignty 5th Texas already in union as slave state be awarded 10 million dollars because they gave up the land for Utah New Mexico This money strengthened power of south Abolitionist Black oppose compromise Most Americans were in favor though Saved the Union from the split most feared Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 Allowed people in these territories right to decide on slavery within borders Broke Compromise of 1850 Pro Anti Slavery activist rush to these territories especially Kansas to make it what they want Due to rush this causes Bleeding Kansas internal civil war in Kansas Aided to nation s split New Republican Party formed Wanted slavery to stop spreading Dred Scott v Sanford 1857 Born into slavery but sold under both free and slave states Scott appeals to supreme court to get freedom since he lived in places where slavery was banned Chief Justice of court All Blacks slaves and free were not and could never become citizens of US This said Scott was to remain a slave so he was not a citizen and could not file these claims Also says So far inferior that they have no rights a white man can respect Because of these things this made the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional Infuriates anti slavery movement John Brown the Raid on Harper s Ferry Organized band of armed arsonist to take armory at Harper s Ferry Asked Douglas to join Refuses warning Brown will never get out alive Brown gathers 22 blacks and whites Local militia led by Robert E Lee quickly stops them Some escaped some killed and some wounded Brown is convicted of treason and sentenced to death Brown is looked at like a hero Hastens beginning of civil war 1860 Presidential Election Lincoln wins Shortly after South Carolina succeeds Most of the south shortly follows Form Confederate States of America Few months after rest of the south comes along Fort Sumter first battle Originally fought over preserving the Union Before inauguration tells people he will not tolerate succession Lincoln I have no purpose to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists I have no lawful reason to do so Tries to pay south to give up slaves they refuse Then wants to relocate blacks to south America still unsuccessful Jan 1 1863 Emancipation Proclamation takes effect Declared slave population in any state still in rebellion on Jan 1 1863 was free Means slaves everywhere were not free South wasn t listening though so this was an empty proclamation as it virtually frees no one Only proves successful as north pushes farther into south and liberates slaves in those areas So EP Literally does almost nothing but symbolically very strong Also made clear that war had evolved into freeing blacks The War Between the States Secession the Confederate States of America Lincoln s Efforts to Preserve the Union Emancipation Proclamation 1863 Conscription Act the New York City Draft Riots 1863 Mandatory military service of men unless they can pay 300 Fuels class separation NYC has draft riots Irish also not considered white but ethicnic included democrats and are scrambling to gain rights as well July 1863 first draft lottery pulled Started riots that lasted many days Many Irish Targeted anything anyone having to do with police military or authority and blacks Over 1 000 die Lynching and hanging 10 plan State that had succeeded could reenter the union if 10 of registered voters pledged to follow constitution and Union 1864 Presidential Election Lincoln reelected White Southern Response not happy April 1865 the War s End Lee surrenders at Appomattox Lincoln is assassinated Johnson takes presidency War devastated nation as a whole Especially South and south economy Unresolved Questions at the End of the Civil War power point slide on Elearning