Study Guide for Test 2 REL 3170 Cox Spring 2015 The following list includes items that may be on test 2 This list is not exhaustive it is just a guide 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 List three reasons why societies have limited sexual behaviors Population Disease Control Kinship lineage Power in sex List three reasons why religious traditions have limited sexual behaviors Gender Roles God like act Connection between sexuality and sin List and describe May s four theories of sex What theory does he prefer 1 Sex as Demonic sex is transcendent evil 2 Sex as Divine sex is a transcendent good 3 Sex as Casual sex is a trivial good 4 Sex as a nuisance sex is a minor evil He prefers Biblical Realism Describe how Soble views the difference between optimists and pessimists in relation to human sexuality Sexual pessimists sex degrades the dignity of a person It s a threat to morality relationships humanity natural bonding mechanism Sexual optimists nothing wrong with sexual desire impulse It s a How does Soble describe three different appeals to natural law in sexual ethics Soble includes these descriptions to show us that natural law can be used to come up with very different accounts of sexual ethics List Cahill s five norms of Christian sexual ethics Monogamous Procreative Heterosexual Love Sexual Pleasure What are St Augustine s three purposes of marriage Children Fidelity Sacramental bond no divorce What are the three goods of sexuality in the Lutheran document 1 Procreation 2 Companionship 3 Pleasure What is the primary moral norm the Lutheran document uses to evaluate sexual acts Avoiding harm 10 What Christian ideal do the Lutheran document authors believe should motivate responses to gay persons The command to love your neighbor You should seek to build up others neighbor love Know two responses of church members to gay church members 1 Tolerate support 2 Open affirmation 11 13 14 15 Mutual Consent Borowitz s four standards for evaluating sex acts Healthy Orgasm sex for pleasure no relationship is unethical because you friends w bens unethical because persons are only make an object of yourself and others interested in 2 aspects will sexuality recognizing the whole person and it s the most authentic experience for sex most ethical the best kind of sex With marriage you have love for life You re more fully personal ethical even if unmarried Love Marriage 12 Why does Borowitz support the marriage standard to justify sexual intercourse Recognizes human dignity Leads to honest human fulfillment whereas other kinds of sex are deceiving people because youre not giving them your whole self How does Borowitz use theological concepts to support his view about marriage and sex He says that marriage is comparable to our covenant with God List the three assertions that are central to a Jewish sexual ethic according to Novak Humans are sexual beings Humans are social beings Humans are made in the image of God List and describe the three parts of the Jewish marriage ceremony 1 Erusin espousal ceremony Signifies engagement man gives woman a ring she now belongs to him husband and wife and terms for divorce property duties property contract between husband and wife establishes roles for public celebration of marriage breaking of the glass 2 Ketubah 3 Niusin 16 Why does Greenberg think the new moon ceremony is appropriate for same sex marriage ceremonies Because it identifies domination as a sin and confirms the restoration of equality 17 What aspects of Dorff s personal life influenced his views about homosexuality His daughter is a lesbian He has experience working with gay aids patients 18 Why does Dorff prefer the Conservative movement s approach to homosexuality in Judaism as better than the Orthodox and Reform movements He prefers it because Conservative Jews see halakha is binding but it is interpreted over time which is different from it being completely binding absolute like orthodox and not binding with reform always continuing the conversation 19 Why does Ali think that the don t ask don t tell attitude toward homosexuality has prevailed in Islam Because of two cultural principles 20 21 22 You should not expose sinful behavior 1 2 Greater offense to deny certain rules than to break them How do gay Muslims begin to argue for change in their tradition according to Ali Sexuality is naturally and divinely created This means that sexuality is innate and is the way that God intended it Describe Cizik s religious motivations for protecting the environment Cizik says it s spiritually dangerous to ignore global warming It s our Christian duty to protect the environment For Cizik global warming is a result of human sin Describe Beisner s religious motivation for his approach to the environment There s no direct answer found in the Bible so he says there s no obligation for a particular position Indirectly bible calls for dominion Forceful Rule moral obligation to weigh costs benefits God not man devastates the earth 23 What are the four types of human relations to nature and god Despotism Dominion Stewardship Subordination 24 What according to Lynn White are the seven features of Christianity that have contributed to the current ecological crisis 1 Faith in Progress always moving forward advancing towards progress 2 Time is linear non repetitve includes creation story 3 Powerful Creator God 4 Humans are created in God s image 5 God sanctions human dominance over nature 6 The destruction of paganism 7 Change in study of nature 25 What are Lynn White s 2 basic presuppositions All forms of life modify their context Nature is rooted in religion 26 What role does White think religion needs to take in solving the ecological It plays a primary role it s the solution because it s the problem 27 What figure in Christian history does White suggest as a potential model for crisis the value of nature Why St Francis of Assisi Because he holds a value of nature He insists that all creatures are equal worshippers of God cosmologies 28 Why does Jenkins think that White s argument focuses too much on Jenkins thinks white is making an assumption jumping to a conclusion religion shapes action White assumes religion shapes worldview and that we need to think practically about our problems 29 According to Jenkins what is the alternative approach that religious ethics should use when dealing with environmental problems Jenkins says that we should begin w concrete issues Pragmatic creativity 30 Why does Zaidi think that religion